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ROBIN SAM FINAL EXAM > Arrhythmias and Dumps > Flashcards

Arrhythmias and Dumps Flashcards

1
Q

Maintenance treatment of SPDs

A

Sotalol/Diltiazem

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2
Q

What can you use to help bring down K levels in the blood?

A

Bicarb, glucose and Ca gluconate

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3
Q

No PR changes before QRS dropped

A

2nd Degree AV block

Mobitz Type II

Worse prognosis, needs pacemaker

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4
Q

An arrhythmia that has a normal P-R interval but then suddenly the QRS drops.

This one is going to need a pacemaker stat!

A

2nd degree AV block

Mobitz Type II

Normal P-R interval then drop of QRS

Bad prognosis

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5
Q

Delay or failure of transmission at the AV node

A

AV Block

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6
Q

Spontaneous ventricular depolarization at 60-180 bpm.

Asymptomatic but keep watching because ventricular tachycardia may be coming.

A

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm/ idioventricular tachycardia

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7
Q

In an animal with an enlarged left atrium, what would the P waves look like?

A

Wide P waves

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8
Q

QRS premature and NO P wave

Wide and Bizzare

Very Common in Vet Med: Boxers and Dobermans

A

Ventricular Premature Depolarizations

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9
Q

P waves occur same time as T waves

A

Supraventricular Premature Depolarizations

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10
Q

PR interval increases until QRS dropped

A

Second Degree AV Block

Mobitz Type I

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11
Q

Failure of the SA node for 1 or more beats

If occurs for more than 6 seconds, signs occur

A

Sinus Arrest

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12
Q

I am an arrhythmia and if you see me in cats I am NOT normal.

My R-R interval varies and I am caused by increased vagal tone or I can show up in eye or abdominal surgeries.

In other species you dont even have to treat me. Who am I?

A

Sinus Arrhythmia

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13
Q

P for every QRS but R-R varies

A

Sinus Arrhythmia

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14
Q
A

Sinus Arrest

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15
Q

What is this?

A

60 Hz Interference

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16
Q
A

Hyperkalemia

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17
Q

Prolonged P-R interval

Caused by vagal tones and drugs(Digoxin)

A

1st Degree AV Block

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18
Q
A

VPDs Triplets

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19
Q

ER treatment of VPDs

A

Lidocaine

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20
Q

No AV conduction, P waves and escape beats, Low heart rate.

A

3rd Degree AV Block

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21
Q

Name 3 arrhytmias that have no P wave

A

Hyperkalemia

VPDs

Atrial Fibrillation

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22
Q

I am an arrythmia that you might want to put a Holter monitor on.

I have normal QRS but then I get tired and do nothing for a few seconds.

If I keep being lazy you should probaly have someone else do the job. Mr. Pacemaker is good.

A

Sinus Arrest

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23
Q

P waves change in height.

Varibale P-R interval

Clinically silent. Can only see in EKG.

A

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker

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24
Q
A

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker

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25
Q
A

Sinus Arrhytmia

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26
Q
A

Atrial Flutter

Happens about ~1 day-1 week before Atrial Fibrillation

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27
Q

Variable P, Normal QRS seen in boxers with heart disease such as cardiomyopathy

A

SPD’s

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28
Q

Boxer cardiomyopathy, Doberman w/ DCM, Aortic stenosis and Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy all cause _____ on a EKG.

A

VPDs

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29
Q

I can be diagnosed upon physical examination.

I got No P waves and random R-R internals.

Treated with Digoxin and Diltiazem

I can be confused with 60 Hz Interference.

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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30
Q

No P waves

Normal QRS

R-R random

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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31
Q

> 3 VPDs @ 160-180 bpm for 30 seconds

A

Ventricular Tachycardia

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32
Q

Increased heart rate > 160-180/240 pbm

Normal P QRS T

A

Sinus Tachycardia

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33
Q

T/F: Sinus arrhythmias are NOT normal in cats

A

TRUE

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34
Q
A

First Degreen AV Block

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35
Q

Abnormal sinus node and AV system. - sinus brady cardia, sinus arrest/ AV block and tachycardia

A

Sick Sinus Syndrome

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36
Q
A

Bigeminy

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37
Q

Name two arrthymias with a prolonged QRS

A

Hyperkalemia

VPDs

38
Q
A

Sinus Bradycardia

39
Q

I am an arrhythmia that that when my P-R intervals start to increase my QRS goes away :(

But my brother’s P-R interval never changes it stays normal and then the QRS goes away.

A

2nd degree AV Block

Mobitz Type I

P-R Interval increase THEN drop of QRS

40
Q
A

Ventricular Fibrillation

41
Q

I am arrhythmia that can be caused by drugs and fibrosis and infection of the heart.

My rhythm is nice and slow.

To get rid of me you are going to have to remove the cause the maybe even put in a pacemaker.

Who am I?

A

Sinus Bradycardia

42
Q

I have can have random QRS complexes that occur at a slow pace.

A pacemaker would fix me right up and increase the pets survival time over 6 months.

A

3rd degree AV Block

43
Q

Emergency treatment for SPDs

A

Esmolol/ Diltiazem

44
Q

My rhythm strip shows the R on T phenomenon caused by HCM.

I have a really wide QRS with no P wave.

10% of heart beats are me :)

A

VPDs

Very Common

45
Q

In an animal with right atrial enlargement. What would the P waves look like?

A

Tall.

Increase in amplitude

46
Q

I cause an arrhythmia that can be prevented with Ca Gluconate.

Renal failiure, ATE, and Addison’s cause me.

I move nice and slow(bradycardia).

My T waves are tall and I have NO P waves.

My QRS are wide.

You can find me twitching but no cardiac output.

A

Hyperkalemia

47
Q

I have an irregular and disorganized ventricular activity.

You can treat me with Shock, Epi and CPR.

You can also see the R on T thing.

A

Ventricular Fibrillation

48
Q

Occurs after a pause/ delay with NO P wave

A

Ventricular Escape Beats

49
Q

High heart rate, R on T, and too many

A

VPDs

50
Q

If I have 300 bpm for 6-8 seconds and I look like this….

What Am I?

A

Venticular Tachycardia

51
Q

Treatment of Sinus Bradycardia

A
  1. Remove the cause
  2. Do atropine or glycopyrrolate test: + vagal problems , - pacemaker
52
Q

I am an arrythmia that goes away when you get the animal excited.

I am caused by increased vagal tone and my P waves are variable in height and shape

A

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker

53
Q

Arrhythmias with proloned QRS

A

Left Bundle Branch Block

Right Bundle Branch Block

VPD

Ventricular Escape Beat

54
Q

What is most likely to cause tachycardia?

A

Atrial Fibrillation

55
Q

Dump: A 5 yo Irish wolfhound presents with decreased contractility, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular repsonse rate of 280 bpm. What drugs do you give?

A

Digoxin and Diliatizem

56
Q

Dump: What is the best way to detect pulmonary edema from congestive heart failure?

A

Radiographs.

57
Q

Dump: What can be arrhythmia can be diagnosed on the physical exam?

A

Atrial Fibrillation

58
Q

Dump: T/F You can always hear crackles in the bronchi with pulmonary edema.

A

FALSE

59
Q

Dump: Which congenital heart disease has continuous/machinary murmurs?

A

PDA

60
Q

Dump: What would be the inital treatment for a dog with MILD heart failure due to DCM?

A

Furosemide and Pimobendan

Because you want to be able to treat at home b/c its mild.

Oxygen added when it gets severe.

61
Q

Dump: Prune, a 9yo King Charles Spaniel, come in with a cough and a grade III/V murmur over mitral valve. The owner can only afford 2 tests. What should they be?

A

Echocardiogram(ULS) and Radiographs

Radiographs to see the ruptured chords and enlarged left atrium.

62
Q

Dump: Dyspnea and hind limb paralysis are signs for which cardiomyopathy?

A

HCM in cats

63
Q

Dump: Is it true that HCM can remain subclinical for years?

A

YES it is true.

64
Q

Dump: What is used to diagnose the severity of an aortic stenosis?

A

Doppler

65
Q

Dump: In which cardio disease can an enlarged left atria exaggerate the cough caused by chronic airway disease?

A

Endocardiosis

66
Q

Dump: What is the standard treatment for endocardiosis?

A

Ace inhibitor, Pimobenden and Lasix

67
Q

Dump: What arrhythmia can DCM in Dobermans cause?

A

VPDs

68
Q

Volume overload is caused by what kind of hypertrophy?

A

Eccentric

69
Q

Dump: HCM causes what kind of hypertrophy?

A

Concentric Hypertrophy

Increased cells, reduced chamber size= regurg

70
Q

Dump: What kind of hypertrophy would we see in Myxomatous disease?

A

Eccentric

Volume overload

71
Q

Dump: Dyspnea, cough, tachycardia, weak pulse, weakness and syncope are all signs of what kind of CHF?

A

Left sided CHF

72
Q

Dump: What is the best/most likely treatment of Grade III Av Block?

A

Pacemaker

Because it is a complete block.

73
Q

Dump: You treated a 9yo SF Toy Poodle for left sided congestive heart failure due to myxomatous valve disease and then sent her home. A week later it experiences weakness and starts vomiting. You do a blood panel and the BUN and CREA were increased. What do you do?

A

Decrease the furosemide dose because no filtrate going through the kidneys

74
Q

Dump: What is the best way to diagnose a HCM?

A

Echocardiogram

75
Q

Dump: ARVC in boxers is best treated with what?

A

Sotalol

B-blockers treat arrhythmias.

76
Q

Tell me the truth… is it harder to detect heart worms in cats?

A

Yup

77
Q

An owner forget to give his dog prevention for 3 months. What advice could you give the owner?

A

Begin giving preventive and rely on the “reach back effect

78
Q

Which prophalixis treatments kill all L3 and L4 for up to 1 month?

A

Ivermectin, Selemectin and Milbemycin

79
Q

Treatment for cardiac tamponade

A

Immediate pericardiocentesis

80
Q

Ataxia

A

the loss of full control of bodily movements

81
Q

What should you not do in the treatment of thoracolumbar injury?

A

Do not give prednisolone, do cage rest

82
Q

T/F Flexor withdrawl cannot occur without conscious brain perception.

A

TRUE

83
Q

What can exacerbate intervertebral disk disease?

A

Exercise / Trauma

84
Q

Which of the following will you NOT see with a C6-T2 lesions?

LMN bladder

Horners Syndrome

Absent paniculus

LMN front limbs

A

You will not see a LMN bladder you will see an UMN bladder

85
Q

German Sheapard

Bright and alert, tetraplegia, hypotonia, normal crain nerves, superficial and deep pain present.

A

Wobblers disease

86
Q

Increased extensor tone(UMN), head tilt, circling and falling to right side, CP and CN deficits on the left side.

Right cerebral tumor

Left cerebral tumor

Right brain stem tumor

Left brain stem tumor

A

Left cerebral tumor

87
Q

Cross extensor is caused by LMN or UMN ?

A

UMN

88
Q

Dog comes in dragging his back legs. Paraplegia, hypotonicity, and superficia pain is absent. Where is the lesion.

A

Caudal to L3

LMN pelvic limbs

89
Q

A dog present with vestibular signs, CP deficits all on the same side. Where is the lesion.

A

The lesion is on the same side as the signs in the brainstem

90
Q

5 year old German Shepard

Difficulty risingm avoiding stairs, pain over lumbosacral area, mild parapersis, patellar relex exaggerated, poor flexion of hock and stifle, reduced crainial tibial and perineal refelxes. Reduced superficial pain in hind lumbs.

Where is the lesion?

A

L7/SI

91
Q

Masticatory Myostitis will respond well to what kind of therapy?

A

Steroids

92
Q

Is fibrocartigenous emboli painful or not?

A

NOT painful

ROBIN SAM FINAL EXAM (3 decks)

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