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All Drugs > Arrest/Other > Flashcards

Arrest/Other Flashcards

1
Q

Presentation of Adrenaline 1:10,000

A

Pre-filled 10ml syringe containing 1mg

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2
Q

Indication of Adrenaline 1:10,000

A
  • Cardiac arrest - any non-shockable rhythm as soon as possible and any shockable rhythm after the 3rd shock
  • Post ROSC circulatory support
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3
Q

Contra-Indications of Adrenaline 10,000

A
  • Patient core temperature is <30
  • Double to the timing intervals between 30-35 degrees
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4
Q

Actions of Adrenaline 10,000

A
  • A sympathomimetic that stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors
  • As a result myocardial and cerebral blood flow is enhanced during CPR
  • CPR becomes more effective due to increased peripheral resistance which improves perfusion pressures
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5
Q

Route of Adrenaline 10,000

A

IV/IO

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6
Q

Intra-Arrest Dose of Adrenaline 10,000

A

INITIAL: 1mg in 10ml (1 syringe)
REPEAT: 1mg in 10ml after 3-5 minutes
MAX DOSE: No limit

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7
Q

Dose of Post ROSC Adrenaline Support

A

INITIAL: 50mcg in 0.5ml
REPEAT: 50-100mcg after 3-5 minutes in 0.5-1ml
MAX DOSE: No limit

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8
Q

Presentation of Amiodarone

A
  • Pre-filled syringe of 300mg in 10ml
  • Ampoule of 150mg in 3ml
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9
Q

Indications of Amiodarone

A

Shockable rythms - after the 3rd shock and 5th shock

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10
Q

Contra-Indication of Amiodarone

A

Pt temp is less than 30 degrees

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11
Q

Actions of Amiodarone

A
  • Antiarrhythmic - lengthens cardiac action potential and prolongs QT interval
  • Blocks sodium and potassium channels in the cardiac muscle
  • Stabilises and reduced electrical irritability of cardiac muscle
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12
Q

Route of Amiodarone

A

IV/IO - large veins can extravasation can cause burns
All doses must be flushed worth 20ml of saline

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13
Q

Dose of Amiodarone

A

INITIAL: 300mg
REPEAT: 150mg after 5th shock
MAX DOSE: 450mg

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14
Q

Presentation of Ondansetron

A

Ampoule of 4mg in 2ml
Ampoule of 8mg in 4ml

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15
Q

Indications of Ondansetron

A

Adults:
- Prevention of opiate-induced nausea and vomiting (morphine)
- Treatment of nausea or vomiting

Paeds:
- Prevention of opiate-induced nausea and vomiting (morphine)
- For travel assc w/ nausea or vomiting

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16
Q

Contra-Indications of Ondansetron

A
  • 1st trimester of pregnancy
  • Women who might be pregnant
  • Known sensitivity to ondansetron
  • Infants less than 1 month
  • Congenital long QT syndrome
17
Q

Actions of Ondansetron

A

An anti-emetic that blocks 5HT receptors both centrally and in the GI tract

18
Q

Route of Ondansetron

A

IV - slow over 2 minutes
IM

19
Q

Dose of Ondansetron

A

INITIAL: 4mg in 2ml
REPEAT: 4mg after 30 minutes
MAX DOSE: 8mg

20
Q

Presentation of Naloxone

A

Ampoule of 400mcg in 1ml

21
Q

Indications of Naloxone

A
  • The reversal of acute opioid/opiate toxicity for respiratory arrest or respiratory depression in usually unconscious patients
  • Cardiac arrest where opioid toxicity is considered to be the likely cause
22
Q

Contra-Indications of Naloxone

A

Nenonates born to opioid addicted mothers can suffer from serious withdrawel effects. Emphasis should instead be on bag/valve ventilation and oxygenation

23
Q

Actions of Naloxone

A

Complete or partial reversal of the respiratory depression effects of opioid drugs

The aim of naloxone administration is to restore adequate respirations but not necessarily to restore full consciousness

24
Q

Route of Naloxone

A

IV/IO - slow as possible

25
Q

Dose of Naloxone

A

INITIAL: 400mcg in 1ml
REPEAT: 400mcg after 3 minutes
MAX DOSE: 4,000mcg (10 doses)

26
Q

Presentation of Chlorphenamine

A

Ampoule of 10mg in 1ml
Tablet of 4mg
Oral solution of 2mg in 5ml

27
Q

Indications of Chlorphenamine

A
  • Symptomatic allergic reaction falling short of anaphylaxis but causing patient distress eg severe itching
  • Alleviating distressing symptoms after adrenaline administration when the patient is stable and oral antihistamine administration is not possible
28
Q

Contra-Indications of Chlorphenamine

A
  • Known hypersensitivity
  • Treatment of MAOIs in the last 14 days
29
Q

Actions of Chlorphenamine

A

An antihistamine that blocks the effect of histamine release during hypersensitivity (allergic) reactions

30
Q

Route of Chlorphenamine

A

IM
Oral

31
Q

Dose of Chlorphenamine IM or Oral

A

IM: (Adult)

INITIAL: 10mg in 1ml
REPEAT: No repeat
MAX DOSE: 10mg

Oral: (Adult)

INITIAL: 4mg (or 4mg in 5ml solution)
REPEAT: No repeat
MAX DOSE: 4mg

32
Q

Presentation of Activated Charcoal

A

Granules or suspecsion in water - 50g in 250ml

33
Q

Indications of Activated Charcoal

A
  • Emergency treatment of acute oral poisoning and oral drug overdose
  • Adults or children aged over 1 that have ingested toxins less than 1 hour ago
  • Adults or children irrespective of ingestion time when recommended by toxbase or the national poisons information service have been contacted and advised administration

Paracetamol Overdose:

  • Anything over 4g in 24 hours is considered an overdose
  • Toxicity is extremely unlikely if had less than 75mg/kg in less than an hour
34
Q

Contra-Indications of Activated Charcoal

A
  • Aged less than 1
  • over 1 hour of ingestion
  • Advised against administration by toxbase or national poisons information service (NPIS)
  • Pts who are vomiting
  • Pts with reduced gastro-intestinal motilities eg having opioid medications or pt having had recent abdominal surgery

Ingestion of:
- cyanide
- petroleum distillates
- Metal salts
- Ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, iron salts, sodium chloride, lead boric acid, other mineral acids
- Malathion
- Corrosive substances

35
Q

Actions of Activated Charcoal

A

Prevention of absorption of drugs or chemicals in the body

36
Q

Route of Activated Charcoal

A

Oral
For children 12 and under its recommended to mix with an 125ml drink

37
Q

Dose of Activated Charcoal

A

Adults:
INITIAL: 50g in 250ml
REPEAT: No repeat
MAX: 50g

Children <12:
INITAL: 25g in 125ml
REPEAT: No repeat
MAX: 50g (Can give full dose if ingested large quantity)

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