Arousal, stress, anxiety

Question 1

what is arousal?

Answer 1

psychological and physiological activation

Question 2

what is anxiety?

Answer 2

negative emotional state
[+worry
+nerves
+apprehension]

Question 3

is arousal positive or negative?

Answer 3

neither

Question 4

anxiety is split up into what 4 things?

Answer 4

cognitive and somatic

state and trait

Question 5

cognitive anxiety deals with?

Answer 5

the thought component

-worry and apprehension

Question 6

somatic anxiety deals with?

Answer 6

perceived physical activation

-interpretation of bodily symptoms

Question 7

state anxiety deals with?

Answer 7

moment to moment changes anxiety

Question 8

trait anxiety deals with?

Answer 8

a disposition leading to situation perceived as threatening

Question 9

process definition of stress

Answer 9

sequence of events, unfolds over time

Question 10

if demands are greater than ______ , and the perceived failure equals _____ , then stress _____.

Answer 10

+ perceived abilities
+ consequences
+ builds

Question 11

4 steps of the cognitive-affective stress model

Answer 11

1. potentially stressful situation (demands)
2. cognitive appraisal (perception)
3. physiological stress response (awareness - , distraction + , tension)
4. behavior / performance

Question 12

what 3 things affect the 4 steps of the cognitive-affective stress model

Answer 12

1. personality
2. history of stressors
3. coping resources

Question 13

Is stress bad?

Answer 13

depends on situation and perception

Question 14

how to control stress

Answer 14

breathing

optimism - dwell on positive

Question 15

2 common sources of stress and anxiety

Answer 15

situational
(event, uncertainty)
personal
(traits, confidence, physique anxiety)

Question 16

6 theories of arousal and anxiety affecting performance

Answer 16

1. drive theory
2. social facilitation
3. inverted U hypoth
4. individualized zones of functioning (IZOF)
5. Multidimensional anxiety theory
6. catastrophe model

Question 17

drive theory

Answer 17

individual drive

• too much arousal can be detrimental
• varies with sports

Question 18

social facilitation theory

Answer 18

presence of others:

• helps performance on well-learned tasks
• diminishes performance on unlearned or complex tasks

Question 19

inverted U hypoth

Answer 19

• low arousal = low performance
• mod arousal = awesome performance
• high arousal = bad performance

Question 20

criticisms of inverted U hypoth

Answer 20

• arousal / performance not always proportional

- mod arousal doesn’t always equal best performance

Question 21

IZOF

Answer 21

every athlete has their own zone for optimal performance

-some high arousal, some low arousal, some in the middle

Question 22

multidimensional model split into 2 groups…

Answer 22

cognitive anxiety

somatic anxiety

Question 23

cognitive anxiety..

Answer 23

negatively related to performance

Question 24

somatic anxiety..

Answer 24

related to performance in inverted U

Question 25

catastrophe model

Answer 25

like inverted U but performance plummets as arousal gets past optimal

Question 26

what is critical to perceiving anxiety as facilitative

Answer 26

self confidence and enhanced perceptions of control

Question 27

why should athletes be aware of psyching up?

Answer 27

it is difficult to recover from a catastrophe if arousal is taken too far