Aromatics

Question 1

What is the major property of aromatic compounds?

Answer 1

They are cyclic and have their π bond delocalised over the entire ring which stabilised the π electron delocalisation.

Question 2

Give the common names for aromatics with the following functional groups:
OH
CH3
NO2
COOH
NH2

Answer 2

Phenol
Toulene
Nitrobenzene
Benzoic acid
Aniline

Question 3

How is the ortho-meta-para system used?

Answer 3

ortho (o) substituents are at the 2nd position
meta (m) substituents are at the 3rd position
para (p) substituents are at the 4th position

Question 4

What is the functional group called when benzene is the substituent?

Answer 4

Phenol or aryl group

Question 5

What is the process of electrophilic aromatic substitution using bromine?

Answer 5

1. Electrophile produced in bromination by splitting halogen into halide ions.
2. Halide ion (Br+) substitutes with a H+ ion, producing HBr and adds a Br species to the ring.
3. The electrophile must be powerful for this reaction (i.e Br or OH-).

This is due to the resistance of the aromatic ring to lose its delocalisation.