Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology toxicology and prescription > Aromatic hydrocarbons > Flashcards

Aromatic hydrocarbons Flashcards

1
Q

Different aromatic hydrocarbons

A
  • Benzene, toluene, xylene
  • Phenol
  • Nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2)
  • Aniline (C6H5NH2)
  • Dinitrophenol (DNP), Dinitroortocresol (DNOC)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Benzene, toluene, xylene routes of intoxication?

A

Skin

GIT

Respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Benzene, toluene, xylene intoxication acute and chronic symptoms + treatment?

A

Symptoms:

  • Acute:
    • ​Narcosis
    • Seizures
    • Coma
    • Stop of respiration
    • Ventricular arrhythmia
  • Chronic:
    • ​CNS, liver and kidney damage
    • BM suppression

Treatment:

  • Symptomatic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Phenol characteristics

A

Acidic character

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phenol routes of intoxication?

A

Skin

GIT

Respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Phenol intoxication symptoms?

A

Topically:

  • Local anesthetic effect
  • Serious necrosis without pain ==> absorption, systemic effect

Orally:

  • Necrosis on the mucosa

Systemic effects:

  • CNS (mainly):
    • Stimulation and depression
    • Seizures
    • Coma
    • Stop of respiration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Phenol elimination?

A
  • Lung
  • Kidney (no metabolism) ==> toxic nephritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Therapy of phenol intoxication?

A
  • Gastric lavage and purgation with cooking oil (reduces absorption)
  • Activated charcoal

(Alcohol promotes absorption! Nem jo!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nitrobenzene acute and chronic absorption?

Lethal dose?

A
  • Acute:
    • Through intestinal wall, skin, lung
  • Chronic:
    • ​Through lung

Lethal dose:

2-3ml orally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nitrobenzene acute and chronic symptoms?

A

Acute symptoms:

  • Irritation of mucosa (vomiting, spasm)
  • CNS depression (dizziness, excitment, seizure, coma, respiration stop)
  • Methemoglobinemia, hemolysis

Chronic symptoms:

  • Anemia
  • Hemolytic icterus
  • CNS disturbances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nitrobenzene therapy?

A
  • Reduction of methemoglobinemia

Orally applied milk, oil, alcohol are contraindicated!!! (enhance absorption)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Aniline acute and chronic absorption?

A
  • Acute:
    • Through intestinal wall, skin, lung
  • Chronic:
    • ​Through lung
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Aniline acute and chronic symptoms?

A

Acute:

  • Irritation of mucosa (vomiting, spasm)
  • CNS depression (dizziness, excitment, seizure, coma, respiration stop)
  • Methemoglobinemia, hemolysis

Chronic:

  • Hypochromic anemia (perhaps cyanosis)
  • CNS disturbances
  • General cachexia
  • Urinary bladder papilloma or cancer??? (by benzidine, naphtylamine, aminophenydile)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Aniline therapy?

A
  • Reduction of methemoglobinemia

Orally applied milk, oil, alcohol are contraindicated!!! (enhance absorption)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sources of DNP and DNOC?

Lethal dose?

A
  • DNP –> chemical industry
  • DNOC –> agriculture

Lethal dose: 1g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

NDP and NOC routes of intoxication?

A
  • Inhalation
  • Absorption through skin
  • Absorption from gut
17
Q

DNP and DNOC elimination?

A

Kidney (partly reduced): in case of chronic exposure elimination is not complete ==> accumulation

18
Q

DNP and DNOC mechanism of action?

A
19
Q

DNP and DNOC acute and chronic symptoms?

A

Acute:

  • Hyperpyrexia
  • Dehydration
  • Hypotension
  • Tachycardia
  • Dyspnea
  • Cyanosis
  • Anoxia
  • Lung edema

Chronic:

  • Loss of weight
  • Fever
  • Impairement of kidney, liver and heart and BM function
  • Hemolytic anemia
20
Q

DNP and DNOC therapy of acute intoxication?

A
  • Decontamination (lavage, emesis, washing skin , soapy washdown)
  • Cold bath
  • O2 inhalation
  • NaCl 0.9%
  • Glucose infusion

Pharmacology toxicology and prescription (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions