ARM MUSCLES

Question 1

LATISSIMUS DORSI

Answer 1

→ latissimus dorsi: located on the shoulder, it is on the inside and is the square muscle by the nerves.
Action: extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus

Question 2

PECTORALIS MAJOR

Answer 2

→ pectoralis major: triangle looking big stick on the shoulder
Action: adducts and medially rotates arm
Origin: sternum end of clavicle, and costal cartilage 1-6 or 7
Insertion: intertubercular sulcus and greater tubercle of humerus

Question 3

DELTOID

Answer 3

→ deltoid: the big muscle on the top of the arm
Action: abducts arm. Anterior fibers: when acting alone flex and medially rotate the arm. Posterior fibers: when acting alone extend and laterally rotate arm.
Origin: acromial end of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula.
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Question 4

SUPRASPINATUS (ROTATOR CUFF)

Answer 4

→ supraspinatus (rotator cuff): directly opposite to the pectoralis major, located at the very top of the arm.
Action: abducts arm, resists downward displacement of humerus when carrying heavy objects

Question 5

INFRASPINATUS (ROTATOR CUFF)

Answer 5

→ infraspinatus (rotator cuff): Fan shaped muscles located on top of the scapula
Action: laterally rotates arm, helps to stabilize the shoulder joint

Question 6

SUBSCAPULARIS (rotator cuff):

Answer 6

→ subscapularis (rotator cuff): on the other side of the infraspinatus
Action: rotates the arm medially, stabilizes shoulder joint

Question 7

TERES MINOR (ROTATOR CUFF)

Answer 7

→ teres minor (rotator cuff): The strip that is directly inferior to the infraspinatus and subscapularis
Action: laterally rotates arm, and helps stabilize shoulder joint

Question 8

TERES MAJOR

Answer 8

→ teres major: inferior to the subscapularis and infraspinatus, is the larger strip.
Action: extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm

Question 9

BICEPS BRACHII

Answer 9

→ biceps brachii: located directly on the biceps
Action: flexes (weakly flexes arm) and supinates forearm

Question 10

TRICEPS BRACHII

Answer 10

→ triceps brachii: located on the triceps
Action: extends forearm, long head assists with adduction of arm

Question 11

BRACHIORADIALIS

Answer 11

→ brachioradialis: muscle aligns with the thumb, starts at the elbow and runs down the forearm
Action: flexes forearm (most effective when forearm is partially flexed and semi-pronated)

Question 12

PRONATOR TERES

Answer 12

→ pronator teres: the crosses muscle on the upper forearm, on the side of the palm (could also say inner elbow)
Action: pronates forearm and weakly flexes forearm

Question 13

FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS

Answer 13

→ flexor carpi radialis: directly lateral to the pronator teres, has a tendon running to the wrist
Action: flexes and abducts the hand
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Question 14

FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS

Answer 14

→ flexor carpi ulnaris: right on the ulna, aligns directly with the pinky (right on the lateral end of the hand)
Flexes and adducts hand

Question 15

FLEXOR CARPI SUPERFICIALIS

Answer 15

→ flexor digitorum superficialis: located right underneath flexor carpi radialis
Action: flexes the hand and middle phalanges 2-5

Question 16

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS

Answer 16

→ extensor carpi radialis longus: there is a muscle group that goes down on the forearm, it is the middle thin muscle that has a tendon running to the thumb (in specifics), but it can apply to the entire muscle group on the medial side of upper forearm.
Action: extends and abducts hand

Question 17

EXTENSOR DIGITORUM

Answer 17

→ extensor digitorum: the muscle that runs down the posterior forearm (back of the hand side) (17), has three tendons running towards fingers 1,2, and 3
Action: extends fingers and hand, also abducts fingers

Question 18

EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS

Answer 18

→ extensor carpi ulnaris: directly lateral to the extensor digitorum
Action: extends and adducts hand

Question 19

SUPINATOR

Answer 19

→ supinator: right under extensor carpi radialis longus
Action: supinates forearm