Arm Flashcards
List the anterior muscles of the arm
BBC
Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
What is the nerve supply to anterior muscles of the arm?
Musculocutaneous nerve
Which movements does biceps brachii enable?
Elbow: flexion
Shoulder: flexion, abduction
Forearm: supination
Which movements does coracobrachialis enable?
Arm: adduction, flexion
Which movements does brachialis enable?
Elbow: flexion
Name the posterior muscle of the arm
Triceps brachii
Which movements does triceps brachii enable?
Forearm: extension
Arm: extension, adduction
Shoulder: extension
What is the nerve supply to the posterior arm?
Radial nerve
What are the tendons of biceps brachii?
Biceps tendon
Bicipital aponeurosis
Muscle bellies are held in place by which two tendons?
Palmar carpal ligament
Flexor retinaculum
What nerve is most likely to be damaged in humeral shaft fractures? What is the clinical sign?
Radial nerve
Wrist drop
Tennis elbow is usually felt on which epicondyle?
Lateral
Golfer’s elbow is usually felt on which epicondyle?
Medial
A supracondylar fracture will lead to damage to what two vessels?
Brachial artery occlusion
Median nerve injury
Damage to the ulnar nerve will result in which clinical sign…
Claw hand
What type of joint is the radiohumeral joint?
Ball and socket
What nerve roots does the brachial plexus originate from? What mnemonic is used to remember the course?
Anterior ramii of C5-T1
Really Tired Drink Coffee Now
What nerve roots are the superior, middle and inferior trunks composed of, respectively?
C5 and C6
C7
C8 and T1
The cords are composed of the anterior/posterior divisions of which trunks - lateral, posterior and medial?
Anterior division of superior and middle
Posterior division of superior, middle and inferior
Anterior division of inferior
Which nerves are associated with each of the cords in the brachial plexus?
LATERAL: Musculocutaneous and median
POSTERIOR: Axillary and radial
MEDIAL: Median and ulnar
The cords of the brachial plexus lie around which artery?
Axillary artery
Give the motor and sensory functions of the musculocutaneous nerve
Innervates the brachialis, biceps brachii and coracobrachialis muscles.
Gives off the lateral cutaneous branch of the forearm innervates the lateral half of the anterior forearm, and a small lateral portion of the posterior forearm.,
Give the motor and sensory functions of the axillary nerve
Innervates the teres minor and deltoid muscles.
Gives off the superior lateral cutaneous nerve of arm, which innervates the inferior region of the deltoid (“regimental badge area”).
Give the motor and sensory functions of the median nerve
Innervates most of the flexor muscles in the forearm, the thenar muscles, and the two lateral lumbricals associated with the index and middle fingers.
Gives off the palmar cutaneous branch, which innervates the lateral part of the palm, and the digital cutaneous branch, which innervates the lateral three and a half fingers on the anterior (palmar) surface of the hand.
Give the motor and sensory functions of the radial nerve
Innervates the triceps brachii, and the muscles in the Posterior compartment of the forearm
Innervates the posterior aspect of the arm and forearm, and the posterolateral aspect of the hand.
Give the motor and sensory functions of the ulnar nerve
Innervates the muscles of the hand (apart from the thenar muscles and two lateral lumbricals), flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus.
Innervates the anterior and posterior surfaces of the medial one and half fingers, and associated palm area.
