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Anatomy Exam 1 > Arm > Flashcards

Arm Flashcards

1
Q

What dermatome innervates the lateral arm, forearm, and thumb?

A

C6

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2
Q

What dermatome innervates the back of the arm and forearm, and 2nd and 3rd digits?

A

C7

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3
Q

What dermatome innervates the medial arm, forearm, and hypothenar region?

A

C8

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4
Q

What are the 4 main veins in the arm?

A

Cephalic Brachial Median Cubital Basilic

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5
Q

What are the anterior compartment arm muscles?

A

Biceps brachii (long and short head) Coracobrachialis Brachialis

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6
Q

Where and how is the tendon of the long head of the biceps held in place?

A

In the intertubercular groove by the transverse humeral ligament and the tendon of the pec major m

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7
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior component of the arm?

A

Triceps trachii (long, lateral, and medial heads)

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8
Q

Which head of the triceps is least active, and what is its main function?

A

Long head Extension of the arm

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9
Q

Which head of the triceps is the workhorse of forearm extension?

A

Medial head

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10
Q

Which head of the triceps functions primarily against active resistance (not during passive motions)

A

Lateral head

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11
Q

What are the 3 muscles that constitute the floor over which the brachial artery runs (from superior to inferior)?

A

Long head of the triceps Coracobrachialis Brachialis

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12
Q

What are the 3 main branches of the brachial artery?

A

Profunda brachii (run posteriorly in the radial groove) Superior ulnar collateral Inferior ulnar collateral

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13
Q

What are the 3 important nerves associated w the brachial artery?

A

Radial, median, and ulnar nerves

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14
Q

What are the 3 veins associated w the brachial artery?

A

Basilic v 2 venae comitantes

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15
Q

Where does the brachial artery lie in relation to the triceps and brachialis muscles?

A

anterior, why it can be felt pulsating

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16
Q

What muscle does the musculocutaneous n pierce?

A

coracobrachialis

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17
Q

what does the msc nerve continue as?

A

lateral antebrachial cutaneous n

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18
Q

what is the general course of the radial n?

A

passes in the radial groove posterior of the humerus along w the profunda brachii a, pierces the lateral intermuscular septum, and divides into superficial and deep branches in front of the lateral epicondyle

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19
Q

what is the general course of the ulnar n?

A

medial to axillary and brachial arteries to the middle of the arm, pierces the medial intermuscular septum, then runs w the superior collateral ulnar a to a groove behind the MEDIAL EPICONDYLE of the humerus

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20
Q

What are the branches of the ulnar n in the arm?

A

tricked ya

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21
Q

what are the branches of the median n in the arm?

A

tricked ya again

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22
Q

What is the cubital fossa?

A

triangular shaped, fat-filled depression of the ant elbow

23
Q

what are the contents of the cubital fossa?

A

terminal part of the brachial a (branches into radial and ulnar) deep veins in the area (protected by bicipital aponeurosis) tendon of the biceps brachii m median n radial n (branches into deep and superficial)

24
Q

what fits in the head intertubercular sulcus (groove) of the humerus?

A

long head of the biceps

25
Q

1 - 6

(Anterior View of the Arm)

A

1) Anatomical Neck of the Humerus
2) Greater tubercle of the Humerus
3) Lesser tubercle of the Humerus
4) Surgical neck of the Humerus
5) Intertubercular sulcus (groove)
6) Head of the Humerus

26
Q

7-11

(Anterior View of the Arm)

A

7) Coronoid fossa
8) Lateral Epicondyle
9) Capitulum
10) Trochlea
11) Medial epicondyle

27
Q

1-4

(Posterior View of the Arm)

A

1) Clavicle
2) Coracoid process
3) Acromion
4) Radial groove of the Humerus

28
Q

5-7

(Posterior View of the Arm)

A

5) Olecranon fossa
6) Trochlea
7) Medial Epicondyle

29
Q

1-4

(Radius and Ulna)

A

1) Olecranon
2) Trochlear notch
3) Radial notch of the ulna
4) Ulnar tuberosity

30
Q

5-9

(Radius and ulna)

A

5) Radial head
6) Radial neck
7) Radial tuberosity
8) Styloid process of the ulna
9) Styloid process of the radius

31
Q

What is the big, long purely sensory cutaneous nerve that is often confused with the ulnar nerve?

A

Medial antebracheal cutaneous nerve

32
Q

The biceps brachii function as a …

A

powerful supinator

33
Q

What is the most important vein in the arm?

A

Medial cubital vein, crosses from the cephalic v (lateral) to basilic v (medial)

34
Q

Which cutaneous nerve is a continuation of the musculocutaneous n?

A

lateral antebrachial cutaneous n

35
Q

which anterior compartment muscle is the most powerful FA flexor?

A

brachialis (crosses only at the elbow)

36
Q

where does the tendon of the long head of the biceps run?

A

over the head of the humerus in a synovial sheath that follows the tendon as far as the surgical neck

37
Q

why does the short head of the biceps appear longer than the long head of the biceps?

A

because the long head of the biceps goes through the intertubercular groove between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus to the superglenoid fossa

38
Q

what is the bicipital aponeuorisis?

A

thickening of fasica that crosses over the superficial muscles of the forearm

(veins sit on top of this; superficial)

39
Q

where do the short and long heads of the biceps come together?

A

at the tendon of the radius

40
Q

what are the 3 muscles that insert onto the coracoid process?

A

1) pectoralis minor
2) coracobrachialis
3) short head of biceps

41
Q

describe the course of the profunda brachii branch of the brachial artery

A

comes off at/around the Teres major muscle, and follows the radial nerve into the posterior compartment behind the humerus

42
Q

where do most of the collateral branches of the brachial artery run, and why?

A

the brachial artery runs anteriorly relative to the humerus. If this portion is pinched, most of the collateral branches run posteriorly behind the medial/lateral epicondyles, so that they can anastamoses the elbow when flexed (pinching the artery)

43
Q

Arterial Supply to the Arm

A

1) Brachial Artery
2) Profunda brachii
3) Superior unlar collateral artery
4) Inferior ulnar collateral artery
5) Radial Artery
6) Ulnar Artery (know b/c common interosseous branches off of it)

44
Q

Of the 4 nerves in the arm:

1) which 2 have NO branches in the arm?
2) which one supplies the anterior compartment?
3) which one supplies the posterior compartment?

A

1) median and ulnar nerves (just passing through the arm, to the forearm and hand)
2) musculocutaneous n
3) radial n

45
Q

when does the axillary artery turn into the brachial artery?

A

once it passes the Teres major m

46
Q
A

1) msc n
2) radial n
3) lateral antebrachial cutaneous n (continuation of msc n)

47
Q
A

1) Axillary n
2) radial n

48
Q
A

Ulnar n

49
Q

what are the superior, medial, and lateral boundaries of the cubital fossa?

A

superior: imaginary line btw medial and lateral epicondyles
medial: FA flexors originating from the medial epicondyle (i.e. pronator teres)
lateral: FA extensors originating from the lateral epicondyle (i.e. brachioradialis)

50
Q

what are the floor and roof boundaries of the cubital fossa?

A

floor: brachialis and supinator m
roof: bicipial aponeuorisis (which protects the deep arteries and nerves in the area)

51
Q

1-4

(cubital fossa)

A

1) biceps brachii
2) tendon of the biceps brachii
3) bicipital aponeurosis
4) pronator teres

52
Q

5-7

(cubital fossa)

A

5) median n
6) brachial a
7) radial a

53
Q

1-4

(cubital fossa)

A

1) brachialis
2) supinator
3) brachioradialis
4) pronator teres

54
Q

5-7

green box on L

(cubital fossa)

A

5) tendon of the biceps brachii
6) median n
7) brachial a

Green box: radial n

Anatomy Exam 1 (8 decks)

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