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Arm Flashcards

1
Q

Biceps Brachii (Long/Short) O.I.

A

Long head originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula,

short head originates from the coracoid process of the scapula.

Both heads insert distally into the radial tuberosity

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2
Q

Biceps Brachii (Function)

A

Supination of the forearm, flexion at the elbow and shoulder.

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3
Q

Biceps Brachii Innervation/ Arterial

A

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve.
Blood supply: Brachial artery.

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4
Q

Brachialis (O.I)

A

Attachments: Originates from the medial and lateral surfaces of the humerus shaft.

It inserts onto the ulnar tuberosity, immediately distal to the elbow joint.

Musculocutaneous (C5-6)and radial C7

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5
Q

Brachialis (Innervation, Arterial, Action)

A

Function: Flexion at the elbow.

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (with contributions from the radial nerve). C5-7

Blood supply: Brachial artery and radial artery

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6
Q

Coracobrachialis (Attachments)

A

Coracoid process of the scapula.
to the medial aspect of the humerus shaft

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7
Q

Coracobrachialis (function, innervation, artery)

A

Function: Flexion of the arm at the shoulder
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve. C5-7
Blood supply: Brachial artery.

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8
Q

Triceps brachii Long Head

A

Originates from the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula. to one tendon which inserts onto the olecranon of the ulna.

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9
Q

Lateral triceps brachii

A

Originates from the humerus (superior to the radial groove) to one tendon which inserts onto the olecranon of the ulna.

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10
Q

Medial triceps brachii

A

Originates from the humerus (inferior to the radial groove) To one tendon which inserts onto the olecranon of the ulna.

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11
Q

triceps brachii (Function, Blood, Innervation)

A

Function: Extension of the arm at the elbow.
Blood Supply: Deep bracial (profunda brachii) artery
Innervation: Radial nerve C5-T1

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12
Q

Brachioradialis (Attachments)

A

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus. It attaches to the distal end of the radius, just proximal to the radial styloid process.

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13
Q

Brachioradialis (Function, Blood, Arterial)

A

Actions: Flexion at the elbow
Innervation: Radial nerve.
Blood supply: Radial artery.

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14
Q

Deltoid (Attachments)

A

Originates from the lateral third of the clavicle, the acromion and the spine of the scapula. It attaches to the deltoid tuberosity on the lateral aspect of the humerus.

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15
Q

Deltoid (Innervation, Blood)

A

Innervation: Axillary nerve. C5-6

Blood supply: Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral artery

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16
Q

Pectoralis Major (Attachments)

A

Clavicular head: anterior surface of the clavicle.
Sternocostal head: sternum, the top six costal cartilages and the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle.

The distal attachment of both heads is onto the intertubercular sulcus of the

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17
Q

Pectoralis Major (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Function: Adduction and medial rotation of the upper limb.
Innervation: Lateral and medial pectoral nerves.
Lateral C5-7
Medial - C8-T1

Blood supply: Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery, superior thoracic artery, lateral thoracic artery.

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18
Q

Pectoralis Minor (Attachments)

A

3rd-5th ribs and inserts into the coracoid process of the scapula

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19
Q

Pectoralis Minor (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Function: Stabilises the scapula by drawing it anteroinferiorly against the thoracic wall.
Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve.C8-T1
Blood supply: Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery.

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20
Q

Subscapularis (Attachments)

A

subscapular fossa (anterior surface of the scapula). It attaches to the lesser tubercle of the humerus.

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21
Q

Subscapularis (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Medial rotation of the arm
Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerves. C5-6
Blood supply: Subscapular artery.

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22
Q

Teres Major (Attachments)

A

posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula. It attaches to the Crest of the lesser tubercle

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23
Q

Teres Major (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Adduction, extension and medial rotation of the upper limb at the shoulder.
Innervation: Lower subscapular nerve. C5-6
Blood supply: Thoracodorsal artery, posterior circumflex humeral artery

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24
Q

Teres Minor (Attachments)

A

posterior surface of the scapula, adjacent to its lateral border. It attaches to the greater tubercle of the humerus.

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25
Q

Teres Minor (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Lateral rotation of the arm.
Innervation: Axillary nerve. C5-6
Blood supply: Circumflex scapular artery and the posterior circumflex humeral artery.

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26
Q

Latissimus dorsi (Attachments)

A

Spinous processes of T7-T12, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and the inferior three ribs. The fibres converge into a tendon that attaches to the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus.

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27
Q

Latissimus dorsi (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Extension, adduction and medial rotation of the upper limb at the shoulder.
Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve. C6-8
Blood supply: Thoracodoral artery.

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28
Q

Infraspinatus (Attachments)

A

infraspinous fossa of the scapula and attaches to the greater tubercle of the humerus.

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29
Q

Infraspinatus (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Innervation: Suprascapular nerve.C5-6
Actions: Lateral rotation of the upper limb at the shoulder.
Blood supply: Suprascapular and circumflex scapular arteries

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30
Q

Supraspinatus (Attachments)

A

supraspinous fossa of the scapula and attaches to the greater tubercle of the humerus.

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31
Q

Supraspinatus (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Abduction of the upper limb at the shouler.
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve. C5-6
Blood supply: Suprascapular artery

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32
Q

Trapezius (Attachments)

A

Originates from the skull, nuchal ligament and the spinous processes of C7-T12. The fibres attach to the clavicle, acromion, and the scapula spine.

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33
Q

Trapezius (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Abduction of the upper limb at the shoulder, elevate the scapula, retract, depress.
Innervation: Accessory nerve
Blood supply: Transverse cervical artery

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34
Q

Levator scapulae (Attachments)

A

transverse processes of the C1-C4 vertebrae and attaches to the medial border of the scapula..

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35
Q

Levator scapulae (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Elevation of the scapula.
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve.
Blood Supply: Dorsal scapular artery.

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36
Q

Rhomboid Major (Attachments)

A

Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae. Attaches to the medial border of the scapula,

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37
Q

Rhomboid Major (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Retracts and rotates the scapula.
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve.
Blood Supply: Dorsal scapular artery

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38
Q

Rhomboid Minor (Attachments)

A

spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae. Attaches to the medial border of the scapula, at the level of the spine of scapula

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39
Q

Rhomboid Minor (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Retraction and rotation of the scapula.
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve.
Blood Supply: Dorsal scapular artery

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40
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior (Attachments)

A

C7 – T3–> ribs 2 – 5

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41
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Elevates ribs 2 – 5.
Innervation: Intercostal nerves T2 – T5.
Blood Supply: Posterior intercostal arteries.

42
Q

Splenius capitis (Attachments)

A

Spinous processes of C7 – T3/T4 vertebrae. The fibres attach to the mastoid process and the occipital bone of the skull.

43
Q

Splenius capitis (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Rotate head to the same side.
Innervation: Posterior rami of spinal nerves C3 and C4.
Blood Supply: Muscular branches of the occipital artery from the external carotid artery.

44
Q

Splenius Colli (Attachments)

A

SP T3-6 –> TVP C1-3

45
Q

Splenius Colli (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Function: Extends, laterally flexes, rotates
Innervation: POSTERIOR rami lower cervical
Arterial: Descending branch of occipital

46
Q

Semispinalis Capitis (Attachments)

A

originates from the articular processes of vertebrae C4-C7 and the transverse processes of vertebrae T1-T6. to inferior nuchal line of occipital bone

47
Q

Semispinalis Capitis (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Function: Extends
innervation: Greater occipital (C2 and C3)
Arterial: Occipital and deep cervical

48
Q

Anterior scalenes (Attachments)

A

Transverse processes of C3-C6 and attaches onto the scalene tubercle (first rib).

49
Q

Medial scalenes (Attachments)

A

Transverse processes of C2-C7 and attaches to the scalene tubercle of the first rib.

50
Q

Posterior scalenes (Attachments)

A

Transverse processes of C5-C7 and attaches into the second rib.

51
Q

Anterior scalenes (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Function: Elevation of the first rib. Ipsilateral contraction causes ipsilateral lateral flexion of the neck, and bilateral contraction causes anterior flexion of the neck.

Innervation: Anterior rami of C5-7

52
Q

Posterior scalenes (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Function: Elevation of the second rib, and ipsilateral lateral flexion of the neck.
Innervation: Anterior rami of C6-C8.

53
Q

Medial scalenes (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Function: Elevation of the first rib. Ipsilateral contraction causes ipsilateral lateral flexion of the neck.
Innervation: Anterior rami of C3-C8.

54
Q

Sternocleidomastoid (Attachments)

A

manubrium of the sternum, medial third of the clavicle to the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone.

55
Q

Sternocleidomastoid (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Function: Lateral flexion and rotation of the neck when acting unilaterally, and extension of the neck at the atlanto-occipital joints when acting bilaterally.

Innervation: Accessory nerve
Blood supply: Occipital artery, Superior thyroid artery and external carotid artery, Suprascapular artery

56
Q

Platysma (Attachments)

A

pectoral fascia to mandible,

57
Q

Platysma (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Innervation: Cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
Function: Depresses mandible
Arterial:submental artery (facial artery), suprascapular artery (thyrocervical trunk)

58
Q

Serratus Anterior (Attachments)

A

External surface of rib 1-9 to Medial boarder of scapula

59
Q

Serratus Anterior (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Function: Protracts/ upwardly rotated scap
Innervation: Long thoracic nerve.
Blood supply: Thoracodorsal artery, superior thoracic artery, lateral thoracic artery.

60
Q

External Intercostal Attachments

A

Inferior baorder of ribs 1-11 to superior border of the ribs Immediately below

61
Q

External Intercostal function/ innervation/ Arterial

A

Function:Elevates ribs
Innervation: Anterior rami of thoracic nerves
Arterial: Posterior intercostal, musculophrenic artery

63
Q

Internal Intercostal: Attachments

A

Inferior baorder of ribs 1-11 to superior border of the ribs Below

64
Q

Internal Intercostal: function/ innervation/ Arterial

A

Action: Depresses Ribs
Innervation: Anterior Rami of thoracic nerves
Arterial:Posterior intercostal, musculophrenic artery

65
Q

innermost innercostal: Attachments

A

Inferior boarders of 1-11th ribs to superior boarder of ribs immediate below

66
Q

innermost innercostal: function/ innervation/ Arterial

A

Action: Elevates ribs
Innervation: Anterior Rami of thoracic nerves
Arterial:Posterior intercostal, musculophrenic artery

67
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior (Attachments)

A

SP’s of T11-L2 to external surface of ribs 9-12

68
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior (Function, artery, innervation)

A

Actions: Depresses ribs 9 – 12.
Innervation: Intercostal nerves (T9 – T11) and subcostal nerve (T12).
Blood Supply: Supplied by the posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal artery, and upper lumbar arteries.

69
Q

External abdominal oblique (Attachments)

A

Ribs 5-12 and inserts onto the iliac crest and pubic tubercle.

70
Q

External abdominal oblique (Function, innervation)

A

Actions: Contralateral rotation of the torso.
Innervation: intercostal nerves (T7-T11) and iliohypo ilioing (kind of…)

71
Q

Internal Oblique (Attachments)

A

inguinal ligament, iliac crest and lumbodorsal fascia. It inserts onto ribs 10-12.

72
Q

Internal Oblique (Function, innervation)

A

Actions: Bilateral contraction compresses the abdomen, while unilateral contraction ipsilaterally rotates the torso.

Innervation: intercostal nerves 7-12 iliohypo and ilioing

73
Q

Transversus Abdominis (Attachments)

A

Inguinal ligament, costal cartilages 7-12, the iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia. It inserts onto the conjoint tendon, xiphoid process, linea alba and the pubic crest.

74
Q

Transversus Abdominis (Function, innervation)

A

Actions: Compression of abdominal contents.

Innervation: anterior rami of T7-12 iliohypogastric and lingual

75
Q

Arterial of the Oblique muscles

A

Lower posterior intercostal, Deep circumflex iliac, inferior epigastric

76
Q

Rectus Abdominis (Attachments)

A

crest of the pubis bone. It inserts onto the xiphoid process of the sternum and the costal cartilage of ribs 5-7.

77
Q

Rectus Abdominis (Function, Innervation, Arterial)

A

Actions: As well as assisting the flat muscles in compressing the abdominal viscera, the rectus abdominis also stabilises the pelvis during walking, and depresses the ribs.

Innervation: Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11).

Arterial: Inferior and Superior epigastric arteries

78
Q

Pyramidalis (Attachments)

A

Pubic crest and pubic symphysis before inserting into the linea alba.

79
Q

Pyramidalis (Action, innervation, arterial)

A

Actions: Tenses the linea alba.
Innervation: Subcostal nerve (T12).
Arterial: Inferior Epigastric artery

80
Q

Psoas Major (Attachments)

A

TVP L1-5 to lesser trochanter

81
Q

Psoas Major (Function, Innervation, Arterial)

A

Actions: Flexion of the thigh at the hip and lateral flexion of the vertebral column.
Innervation: Anterior rami of L1 – L3 nerves.
Blood supply: Lumbar branch of iliolumbar artery

82
Q

Iliacus (Attachments)

A

iliac fossa and anterior inferior iliac spine to lesser trochanter of the femur.

83
Q

Iliacus (Function, innervation, arterial)

A

Actions: Flexion thigh
Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2 – L4).
Blood supply: Iliolumbar, deep circumflex iliac, obturator, and femoral arteries.

84
Q

Sartorius (Attachments)

A

ASIS to superomedial aspect of the tibia.

85
Q

Sartorius (Function, innervation, arterial)

A

Actions: Flexion, abduction and lateral rotation at the hip joint. Flexion at the knee joint.
Innervation: Femoral nerve.
Blood Supply: Femoral artery.

86
Q

Pectineus (Attachments)

A

Superior pubic ramus to pectineal line on femur

87
Q

Pectineus (Function, Innervation, Arterial)

A

Actions: Adduction and flexion at the hip joint.
Innervation: Femoral nerve (may also receive a branch from the obturator nerve).
Blood supply: Medial circumflex femoral artery, femoral artery and obturator artery.

88
Q

Obturator externus (Attachments)

A

Obturator membrane to trochanteric fossa of femir

89
Q

Obturator externus (Function, innervation,Blood)

A

Actions: Adduction and lateral rotation of the thigh.
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4).
Blood Supply: Obturator artery and medial circumflex femoral artery.

90
Q

Obturator Internus (Attachments)

A

Obturator membrane to greater trochanter

91
Q

Obturator Internus (Function, Blood, Innervation)

A

Actions: Lateral rotation and abduction of the lower limb.
Innervation: Nerve to obturator internus.
Blood Supply: Obturator artery

92
Q

Quadratus femoris (Attachments)

A

ischial tuberosity to quadrate tubercle of femur

93
Q

Quadratus femoris (Action, innervation, Arterial)

A

Actions: Lateral rotation of the lower limb.
Innervation: Nerve to quadratus femoris.
Blood Supply: Inferior gluteal artery and medial circumflex femoral artery

94
Q

Inferior Gemellus (Attachment)

A

Ischial tuberosity to greater trochanter

95
Q

Inferior Gemellus (Action, innervation, Arterial)

A

Action: Lateral rotator
Innervation: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5-S1)
Arterial: Medial circumflex femoral artery

96
Q

Gluteus Maximus (Attachments)

97
Q

Gluteus Maximus (Action, Innervation, Arterial)

A

Actions: It is the main extensor of the thigh, and assists with lateral rotation. However, it is only used when force is required, such as running or climbing.

Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve.

98
Q

Rectus Femoris (Attachments)

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine and the ilium of the pelvis.
It inserts onto the patella via the quadriceps femoris tendon.

99
Q

Rectus Femoris (Actions, innervation, Arterial)

A

Actions: Extension of the knee joint and flexion of the hip joint.

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Blood Supply: Femoral artery and lateral femoral circumflex artery

100
Q

Quadratus Femoris (Attachments)

A

ischial tuberosity and attaches to the quadrate tuberosity on the intertrochanteric crest.

101
Q

Quadratus Femoris (Action, Innervation, Arterial)

A

Actions: Lateral rotation of the lower limb.

Innervation: Nerve to quadratus femoris.

Blood Supply: Inferior gluteal artery and medial circumflex femoral artery

Anatomy (9 decks)

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