Arithmetic Vocabulary

Question 1

Integer

Answer 1

A whole number.

Examples 2, 5, 8 etc.

Question 2

Digit

Answer 2

A single figure number.

Examples 5, 9, the digit 5 in 53, etc.

Question 3

Prime number

Answer 3

A number which can only be divided by 1 and itself.

Examples 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, (1 is not prime).

Question 4

Factor

Answer 4

A number that divides exactly into another number.
Examples 5 is a factor of 15 and 25 and
3 is a factors of 3, 9, 15, etc.

Question 5

Multiple

Answer 5

A number that can be divided by another number without a remainder. Examples,
25 and 15 are multiples of 5 and 9 is a multiple of 3.

Question 6

Standard Form

Answer 6

A number in the form A x (10)^n, where n is a positive or a negative integer, and 1 ≤ A < 10. Examples,

5734. 5 = 5.7345 x( 10)^3,
5735. 056 = 5.6 x (10)^(-1).

Question 7

Least Common Multiple

(L.C.M)

Answer 7

The smallest common multiple which is exactly divisible by all given numbers. Examples,
LCM of 2, 3, and 4 is 12, and
LCM of 12, 18, 24 is 72.

Question 8

Reciprocal

Answer 8

The reciprocal of a number is 1/number . Example,
the reciprocal of 5 is 1/5,
the reciprocal of -1/3 is-3, and
the reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2.

Question 9

Sequence

Answer 9

A list of numbers arranged according to a rule.
Example 6, 8, 10, 12,…and
100, 50, 25, 12.5.

Question 10

Directed Numbers

Answer 10

The numbers as displayed on the number line.

Example, -6,-4,-2,0,2,4,6,….

Question 11

Decimal Place(s)

Answer 11

The number of digits after the decimal point. Examples, 12.037 →12.04 (2 d.p.) or 12.0 (1 d.p.) and
16.39547 →16.4 (1 d.p.), 16.40 (2 d.p.), 16.395 (3d.p.)

Question 12

Significant Figure(s)

Answer 12

The number of the digits of a given number, where zero is counted as a digit, unless it is the first digit of the given number.
Examples, 3456 has 4 s.f, 3460(3 s.f), 3000(1 s.f.).
0.0045 has 4 s.f - 0.005 (1 s.f), 0.0045(2.s.f).