Aristotle to the Abbasids Flashcards
1
Q
Who was Aristotle
A
- son of physician under the Hippocratic method
- student of Plato at the Academy, differed from Plato in the sense that Aristotle placed emphasis on academic freedom
- considered the Father of biology
2
Q
What is syllogism?
A
- developed by aristotle
- taking two premises, and using them to prove a secondary statement
ex. all men are mortal, socrates is a man, therefore socrates is mortal
3
Q
Aristotle studied variations both among species and within species, leading to ….
A
- the development of the scala naturae
- a hierarchal system of classifying all things in terms of complexity
4
Q
Who were two influential students of Aristotle?
A
- Theophrastus
- Strato
5
Q
What were the three greek traditions, where biology developed?
A
- natural history (knowledge of plants and animals, observations that can be compared and documented)
- Philosophy (Rational though and an inductive approach. Observations and attempted to look for natural patterns, like taxonomy
- Medicine (natural causes for illness and cures for diseases)
6
Q
How did the Romans differ from the Greeks?
A
- While Romans value Greek scholars, they didn’t produce any of their own to rival
- Romans were more concerned with practical applications of knowledge
- gathered/collected thought, but made no innovations
7
Q
Who was Galen?
A
- Greek philosopher, physician, and writer
- studied at the great library and museum in Alexandria
- became a doctor to emperors
