Arguments From Observation Key Words

Question 1

A posteriori

Answer 1

An argument based on sense experience and observation

Question 2

Teleological argument

Answer 2

Design argument for the existence of God, through the use of purpose

Question 3

Cosmological argument

Answer 3

Natural theology to prove the existence of God

Question 4

Infinite regress

Answer 4

A chain of events going backwards forever

Question 5

Aquinas’ three ways

Answer 5

Motion (potentiality to actuality), cause (universe is a result of cause), contingency (it cannot not exist)

Question 6

Contingent

Answer 6

Can exist or not exist; relies on something outside of itself to exist

Question 7

Necessary

Answer 7

Cannot not exist, does not rely on anything for its own existence and holds the reason for its being within itself

Question 8

Design qua purpose

Answer 8

Design based on purpose

Question 9

Design qua regularity

Answer 9

Design based on regularity

Question 10

Natural selection

Answer 10

Populations of living organisms adapt to their environment to survive and reproduce

Question 11

Epicurean hypothesis

Answer 11

Finite particles given an infinite time will eventually form order

Question 12

Fallacy of composition

Answer 12

What is ibserved about the parts cannot be assumed to be the same for the whole

Question 13

Deductive argument

Answer 13

Premises must logically lead to the conclusion

Question 14

Inductive argument

Answer 14

Premises do not necessarily lead to the the conclusion