Arguments and Standard Form

Question 1

Argument

Answer 1

set of propositions one of which is the conclusion, and the remainder are premises (truth of premises supports conclusion)

Question 2

Proposition

Answer 2

the factual content expressed by a sentence (can be true/false)

Question 3

What is the structure for standard form?

Answer 3

P1:
P2:
P3:
P...:
--------------------------------------------------------------
C:

Question 4

Deductive Validity

Answer 4

to say that an argument is deductively valid is to say that if the premises were all true, then the conclusion would have to be true

Question 5

What is the test for Deductive Validity?

Answer 5

1) pretend all premises are true
2) is it possible for the conclusion to be true given the premises are true?
3) If YES, valid argument
4) If NO, invalid argument

Question 6

Deductive Soundness

Answer 6

to say that an argument is deductively sound is to say: the argument is valid and all its premises are actually true

Question 7

What is the test for Deductive Soundness?

Answer 7

1) HAS to be valid to be sound
2) are the premises actually true?
3) if YES, sound valid argument
4) if NO, unsound valid argument

Question 8

Conditional Proposition

Answer 8

compound propositions consisting of two parts (antecedent + consequent)

Question 9

Formula for conditionals

Answer 9

If [antecedent], then [consequent]

Question 10

the truth of the ____________ is supposed to be sufficient for the truth of the _____________

Answer 10

antecedent, consequent

Question 11

the truth of the ______________ is supposed to be NECESSARY for the truth of the ____________

Answer 11

consequent, antecedent