arguments

Question 1

what is an argument?

Answer 1

• a sequence of propositions (premises)

- a proposition must be true or false in order to be a proposition

Question 2

how can an argument be good?

Answer 2

if the conclusion follows from the premises

these propositions should be accepted universally or by the addressee

it should be valid and sound

Question 3

validity

Answer 3

• conclusion should follow from the premsises
• validity focuses on logic
• even valid arguments are not good, if the premises are false

Question 4

soundness

Answer 4

• conclusion and premises are true
• an argument is sound if premises are true And it is valid
• soundness comes from world-knowledge

Question 5

what is the difference between sound arguments and arguments that are valid, but not sound?

Answer 5

a sound (and valid) argument:
my dog is a golden retriever
all dogs are animals
therfore, my golden retriever is an animal ..... lol

argument that is valid but not sound:
a golden retriever is a dog
all dogs are brown
therefore, my golden retrievers is brown …

perhaps?

Question 6

(True or False) An argument is not valid if all its premises are false.

Answer 6

false. valid arguments can have false permises

Question 7

(True or False) If an argument is valid and has true premises, it must be sound

Answer 7

true. sound arguments are valid arguments with true premises

Question 8

(True or False) If an argument is not valid, then its conclusion is false

Answer 8

true, in terms that the conclusion doesn’t follow

but also false, because the conclusion can be correct, it just doesn’t follow. non- valid arguments can have true conclusions.

Question 9

(True or False) If an argument is valid but not sound, then at least one of the premises is false

Answer 9

true. Sound arguments are valid arguments with true premises, so if an argument is unsound but valid, one of the premises must be false