Arctic Tundra Flashcards

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1
Q

Arctic Tundra location and facts

A

Area surrounding North Pole
From edge of Arctic Ocean to the coniferous forest of the Taiga
Covered in permafrost (treeless region)

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2
Q

Which 3 factors prevent life thriving in permafrost?

A

Sun
Temperature
Precipitation

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3
Q

Arctic Tundra facts:

A

8 million km^2
Coldest/harshest biomes in the world
Low precipitation (50-350mm)

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4
Q

How much carbon is contained in permafrost?

A

14% of Earth’s permafrost

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5
Q

How many species live in the Arctic Tundra (plant and animal)?

A

1700 plant

48 animal

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6
Q

What happens to the permafrost in the summer?

A

Active layer thaws and plants begin to grow

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7
Q

How deep is the active layer?

A

30-200mm deep

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8
Q

What are the 3 categories of land in the tundra (describe each)?

A

Continuous (Unbroken permafrost layer)
Discontinuous (numerous permafrost free areas)
Sporadic (Rare patches of permafrost)

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9
Q

Why is the tundra flat and what does this mean?

A

Continuous erosion and weathering

Reduces drainage and causes water logging in summer when permafrost melts

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10
Q

Photosynthesis and respiration in Arctic Tundra?

A
Low photosynthesis (and thus respiration) due to lack of sunlight, water, biomass
Increase in summer when permafrost melts, soil allows carbon to flow into atmosphere
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11
Q

How does permafrost change from winter to summer?

A

Carbon sink in winter

Carbon source in summer

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12
Q

5 methods to manage oil and gas industry impacts :

A
Insulated pads
Elevated pipelines
Refrigerated support
Lateral drilling
Remote exploration
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