Arctic - Physcial Conditions Of The Environment

Question 1

Where is mussel farming which is rich in vitamins

Answer 1

Wakenham Bay, North Canada

Question 2

Arctic land cover

Answer 2

14.5km2

Question 3

What is a high source of vitamin c

Answer 3

Narwhals

Question 4

Why cant the Inuits walk to capture seals and fish

Answer 4

Slushy ice

Question 5

What are the polar bears forced to eat

Answer 5

Berries and mosses which lower body mass which means less food for indigenous people

Question 6

What happens in early spring

Answer 6

Early birth of reindeers but it wont last long

Question 7

What has happened to the quality of the resources

Answer 7

Declined

Question 8

How many Inuit children are suffering malnutrition

Answer 8

30%

Question 9

High salt,sugar and unhealthy fats

Answer 9

Decline in health

Question 10

Contamination of water spreads to the fish

Answer 10

Have to buy store brought fish instead

Question 11

What are the dominant plant species

Answer 11

Low shrubs, moss and lichens

Question 12

Lack of nitrogen fixing plants ( cold and wet)

Answer 12

Limited fertility and inhibited breakdown of plant material

Question 13

High food prices

Answer 13

Remoteness

Question 14

Meat is prepared

Answer 14

Kept in caves

Question 15

Main farming techniques

Answer 15

Hunting,fishing and herding

Question 16

Disease brought to the north by southerly animals

Answer 16

Meningeal brain work - lethal to caribe

Question 17

Sea ice, snowfall and permafrost

Answer 17

Diminished due to climate change

Question 18

Where does it cover

Answer 18

Arctic Ocean, northern Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia and Russia

Question 19

Makes it an extreme environment

Answer 19

Thick ice and snow cover bitter cold

Question 20

Angle of the sun

Answer 20

Too low that temps do not rise above freezing - short growing season

Question 21

Low organic productivity a net primary productivity

Answer 21

140g/m2

Question 22

Second lowest

Answer 22

Land biome

Question 23

Plants are adapted to moisture -deficient conditions

Answer 23

Most water is stored as ice

Question 24

Plants

Answer 24

Compact, short growing( avoid the permafrost and make the summer surface thaw) slow growing to avoid the wind

Question 25

Wakenham Bay, Quebec N Canada

Answer 25

Ocean food

Mussels

Tide changes 2x a day

Mussels are a rich source of mineral and vitamins

Harvested in caves created by blocks of ice leaning together when the ice hits the sea bed

Question 26

Qaanaaq, N Greenland

Answer 26

Inuit people

Hunters of marine animals ( narwhal)

Rich source of vitamin c

Summer months = hunters camp on the edge of the sea ice and travel in kayaks to catch their prey using harpoons

Maktaqq - vitamin c

Question 27

Barrow, Alaska

Answer 27

Whale hunting - important aspect of life for Inuit people despite access to food shops

Bowhead whales - pass the coast 2 x a year

Whale meat is an essential part of their diet most people eat it 2 x a week

Whale oil is added to caribou

Question 28

Extreme environmental conditions support

Answer 28

Low species diversity and delicate food webs

Ecosystems are vulnerable to change

Future of food being harvested from their is declining due to diminishing ice

With indigenous people largely dependent on it, there food security is threatened

Question 29

Hunting terrain, migration patterns, quantity and quality of traditional food sources

Answer 29

Affected by cc

Slushy ice - cannot hunt on

Travel routes are made longer, more dangerous and unpredictable

Polar bears and walrus eating moss on land - disrupts the food supply

Fish stocks decreased and are invaded by warm water species

Herding is delayed as the lake they cross is not freezing

Caribou born - missed peak foliage availability - many do not survive

Question 30

Wild resources declining

Answer 30

Pollution and contamination

Contaminations are showing up in animals, fish and waters of the Arctic

People are turning to store brought food, increasing social problems of increased prices ( remoteness and low budgets and low income with limited Job opps , obesity, malnutrition, health issues