Arctic

Question 1

Impacts of humans in the Arctic

Answer 1

Mineral exploitation - Oil with Alyeska pipeline 1977. 1989 oil spill.
Fishing - 70% of the world’s white fish catch. Attracts illegal fishing
Indigenous people affected by the depletion of resources (whaling)
Doubling in underwater noise from 2013 to 19. Affects marine life and their ability to communicate

Question 2

The arctic council and their aims

Answer 2

Formed in 1996 with 8 member states
Acts to reduce emissions and pollution, monitoring environment, works towards sustainable development

Question 3

Successes of arctic council

Answer 3

First international community to include heads of indigenous communities
Three legally binding agreements
Agreement on cooperation on aeronautical and maritime search and rescue. 2013
2021 - commercial fishing banned in high arctic waters

Question 4

Failures of the arctic council

Answer 4

No programming budget
Pirate fishing increased