Architecture Of The Hand Flashcards
The hand is a ____ organ; it is an organ with ______; and it is a _________ organ.
motor; specialization; sensory
T/F: The hand and brain are an inseparable, interacting functional pair
True
The thumb Trapezio-Metacarpal joint is also know as the ____ joint
CMC joint (carpal-metacarpal)
The CMC (TMC) joint is a ____ joint
Saddle joint
the CMC (TMC) joint as __ degrees of freedom. Name the motions at this joint
two degrees of freedom
motions: flexion/extension; abduction/adduction
____ muscles help stabilize the thumb in all planes
Thenar muscles
The thumb metacarpophalangeal joint (MP) is a _____ joint
condyloid
the thumb MP joint has ___ degrees of freedom. Name the motions at this joint
two degrees of freedom
motions: flexion/extension; abduction/adduction
Name the four stabilizing structures of the thumb MP joint
- volar plate
- ulnar and radial collateral ligaments
- Medial sesamoid bone
- Lateral sesamoid bone
This structure allows proximal phalanx to smoothly flex over the metacarpal; when joint is in extension, it is check rein for extension
Volar plate
These arise from bone and are made of thickened collagen tissue; they arise from one bone and attach to another bone; strengthen capsule; limit the amount of joint motion
collateral ligaments
Thumb MP joint medial sesamoid attachment:
adductor pollicis muscle
Thumb MP joint lateral sesamoid attachment:
abductor pollicis and flexor pollicis brevis
Thumb Interphalangeal joint (PIP joint) is a ____ joint
Simple hinge joint
the thumb PIP joint has __ degrees of freedom. What motions does this joint have?
one degree of freedom
motion: flexion and extension
Digits metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint is a ___ joint
condyloid joint
Digits MP joint has __ degrees of freedom. Name the motions at this joint.
Two degrees of freedom
Motions: flexion/extension; abduction/adduction
Name the five things that stabilize the digit MP joint
- deep transverse metacarpal ligament
- volar plate
- collateral ligaments
- A-1 pulley
- Sagittal band fibers of extensor hood
This structure is attached to adjacent metacarpals (joint capsule); they border the volar plates; stabilize the relationships of the metacarpals but allows some movement of one metacarpal to another
Deep transverse metacarpal ligament
This is what flexor tendons course through on the way to their insertions
A-1 pulley
Digit Interphalangeal joints (PIP and DIP) are __ joints
simple hinge joints
Digit PIP and DIP joints have __ degrees of freedom. Name the motions at this joint.
One degree of freedom
Motion: flexion and extension
Name the two stabilizers of the Digit PIP and DIP joints
- volar (palmar) plate
2. collateral ligaments
The four units of the hand have one ____ ___ unit, and three ___ units that project from the fixed unit
one central fixed unit and three mobile units
These help us adapt our hands to the task to be performed
Arches of the hand
Name the three arches of the hand
- Transverse
- Longitudinal
- Oblique
What provides the blood supply to the hand?
Radial and Ulnar arteries
What artery supplies the superficial palmar arch?
ulnar artery
What artery supplies the deep palmar arch
radial artery
Carry deoxygenated blood to cephalic and basilica veins
veins
superficial and deep; structures that absorb excess interstitial fluids and transport them proximally through lymph system
lymphatics
Nerve supply to the hand: sensation
Median, ulnar, and radial nerves
____ branch of the radial nerve is a sensory nerve only
superficial branch
Nerve supply to the hand: motor
median, ulnar, and radial nerves
T/F: Having the same therapist always taking the ROM measurements increases the validity of the results.
True
T/F: There is a significant difference with ROM measurements between the right and left hands
False- there is no significant difference; can use the opposite side to find “normal” for affected side
