Architecture In The 19th Century Flashcards
What were the six main styles of architecture in the 19th century?
Art Nouveau Art Deco International Style Late Modernism Post Modernism Deconstructivism
What is Art Nouveau?
It means “new art” in French
Why was art Nouveau created?
To break away from untidy, mass-produced articles
What style of architecture is Art Nouveau?
Romantic
Highly decorative
What inspired Art Nouveau?
Nature
Natural organic shapes
What did Art Nouveau buildings look like?
Covered in ornamental curved forms
Often based on flowers, other plants and animals
Butterflies, peacocks, swans, irises, cyclamens, orchids and water lilies were often depicted
Façades were asymmetrical
The decoration often suggested movement
What kinds of materials were used for Art Nouveau?
Polychrome ceramic tiles
What inspired Art Deco?
The Jazz Age
A fascination with technology
What style was Art Deco?
It was a decorative style
Why was Art Deco created?
To represent luxury and glamour
What kinds of materials did Art Deco use?
Expensive materials
Metal / ceramic sculptures
What did Art Deco look like?
Geometric shapes
Clear, precise lines
Decoration which is attached to the structure
What did International Style look like?
Plain surfaces
Completely stripped of applied ornamentation and decoration
Open interior spaces
Visually weightless quality, which is engineered by the use of cantilever construction
What is cantilever construction?
The use of long beams
What was the style of International Style?
Cold
What materials were used for International Style?
Glass
Steel
Reinforced concrete, but this was usually less visible
What was the inspiration for Late Modernism?
It was an extension of previous ideas, helped by even more technological advances
What was the style of Late Modernism?
It was known for its organic, skeleton-like designs
Why was Late Modernism created?
To display high-tech architecture
Why was Post-Modernism created?
To intentionally discontinue previous styles, to free them from the past
It was to reject machine-like buildings
What was the style of Post-Modernism?
Conscious irony
Uplifts the architecture as both functional and artistic
It showed a combination of old styles (Greeks)
What is the style of deconstructivism?
The finished visual appearance is characterised by unpredictability and controlled chaos
What does Deconstructivism architecture look like?
It is characterised by fragmentation
It features non-rectilinear shapes
It appears to distort and dislocate elements of architecture such as structure and envelope
What inspired Deconstructivism?
An interest in manipulating a structure’s surface
What are rectilinear shapes?
Shapes enclosed in a straight line (s)
