Architecture In The 19th Century

Question 1

What were the six main styles of architecture in the 19th century?

Answer 1

Art Nouveau
Art Deco
International Style
Late Modernism
Post Modernism
Deconstructivism

Question 2

What is Art Nouveau?

Answer 2

It means “new art” in French

Question 3

Why was art Nouveau created?

Answer 3

To break away from untidy, mass-produced articles

Question 4

What style of architecture is Art Nouveau?

Answer 4

Romantic

Highly decorative

Question 5

What inspired Art Nouveau?

Answer 5

Nature

Natural organic shapes

Question 6

What did Art Nouveau buildings look like?

Answer 6

Covered in ornamental curved forms
Often based on flowers, other plants and animals
Butterflies, peacocks, swans, irises, cyclamens, orchids and water lilies were often depicted
Façades were asymmetrical
The decoration often suggested movement

Question 7

What kinds of materials were used for Art Nouveau?

Answer 7

Polychrome ceramic tiles

Question 8

What inspired Art Deco?

Answer 8

The Jazz Age

A fascination with technology

Question 9

What style was Art Deco?

Answer 9

It was a decorative style

Question 10

Why was Art Deco created?

Answer 10

To represent luxury and glamour

Question 11

What kinds of materials did Art Deco use?

Answer 11

Expensive materials

Metal / ceramic sculptures

Question 12

What did Art Deco look like?

Answer 12

Geometric shapes
Clear, precise lines
Decoration which is attached to the structure

Question 13

What did International Style look like?

Answer 13

Plain surfaces
Completely stripped of applied ornamentation and decoration
Open interior spaces
Visually weightless quality, which is engineered by the use of cantilever construction

Question 14

What is cantilever construction?

Answer 14

The use of long beams

Question 15

What was the style of International Style?

Answer 15

Cold

Question 16

What materials were used for International Style?

Answer 16

Glass
Steel
Reinforced concrete, but this was usually less visible

Question 17

What was the inspiration for Late Modernism?

Answer 17

It was an extension of previous ideas, helped by even more technological advances

Question 18

What was the style of Late Modernism?

Answer 18

It was known for its organic, skeleton-like designs

Question 19

Why was Late Modernism created?

Answer 19

To display high-tech architecture

Question 20

Why was Post-Modernism created?

Answer 20

To intentionally discontinue previous styles, to free them from the past
It was to reject machine-like buildings

Question 21

What was the style of Post-Modernism?

Answer 21

Conscious irony
Uplifts the architecture as both functional and artistic
It showed a combination of old styles (Greeks)

Question 22

What is the style of deconstructivism?

Answer 22

The finished visual appearance is characterised by unpredictability and controlled chaos

Question 23

What does Deconstructivism architecture look like?

Answer 23

It is characterised by fragmentation
It features non-rectilinear shapes
It appears to distort and dislocate elements of architecture such as structure and envelope

Question 24

What inspired Deconstructivism?

Answer 24

An interest in manipulating a structure’s surface

Question 25

What are rectilinear shapes?

Answer 25

Shapes enclosed in a straight line (s)