Architecture, Design, Virtualization

Question 1

What are the 5 characteristics of a cloud service as defined by NIST?

Answer 1

• On-Demand Self-Service
• Broad Network Access (available anywhere in the world)
• Resource Pooling (shared compute resources)
• Rapid Elasticity
• Metered Service (pay by usage)

Question 2

What are the three primary cloud service models?

Answer 2

IaaS - Infrastructure as a service (VM level)
PaaS - Platform as a service (
SaaS - Software as a service

Question 3

What is a public cloud?

Answer 3

A cloud deployment model where a company’s VMs and/or platforms and software are running in a cloud vendor’s datacenter. (Azure, AWS, Google)

Question 4

What is a private cloud?

Answer 4

When the datacenter is on-premise for a company. However, the datacenter needs to comply with the 5 NIST-defined characteristics of cloud service to be truly considered a private cloud.

Question 5

What is a hybrid cloud?

Answer 5

When an on-premise datacenter is connected to a public cloud provider and certain apps or VMs may reside in either place. This is becoming the most popular deployment model.

Question 6

What is a community cloud?

Answer 6

Where organizations collaborate to create their own cloud services and share resources. This typically happens with universities or government entities.

Question 7

What product/service does Cisco have that could provide On-Demand Self-Service to a Private cloud?

Answer 7

Cisco UCS Director

Question 8

What software enables per-application selection of the destination cloud platform in a Hybrid Deployment?

Answer 8

Cloud Brokering Software

Question 9

What is the difference between a Type 1 and a Type 2 Hypervisor?

Answer 9

Type 1 hypervisor is installed directly onto the hardware and acts as the OS. Type 2 hypervisor is installed inside of the OS.

Question 10

What protocols do not run on a vSwitch?

Answer 10

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

In lieu of STP, vSwitches use “pinning” of MAC addresses

Question 11

What is one thing that two vSwitches cannot share?

Answer 11

A Physical NIC connection

Question 12

What are the two types of vSwitches and what is the difference?

Answer 12

1.) Standard vSwitch
2.) Distributed vSwitch (DVS)

A Distributed Virtual Switch covers multiple virtual hosts to consolidate the management of vSwitches across hosts.

Question 13

What functions can be virtualized with NFV (Network Function Virtualization)?

Answer 13

• Firewalls
• Switches
• Routers
• Wireless LAN Controllers

Question 14

Describe the components and characteristics of the Cisco ENCS 5000

Answer 14

• Enterprise Network Compute System
• Built specifically to virtualize network functions (run virtual network devices)
• Network Modules (NIM) can be installed to support different physical interfaces such as Voice connections