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SAFe for Architects > Architecting for DevOps and Release on Demand > Flashcards

Architecting for DevOps and Release on Demand Flashcards

1
Q

What is DevOps?

A

DevOps is a mindset, a culture, and a set of technical practices. It provides communication, integration, automation, and close cooperation among all the people needed to plan, develop, test, deploy, release, and maintain a Solution. (Scaled Agile Framework.com)

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2
Q

What is CALMR?

A

Culture
Automation
Lean Flow
Measurement
Recovery

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3
Q

Which competency is DevOps a part of?

A. Lean Portfolio Management
B. Team and Technical Agility
C. Agile Product Delivery
D. Business Agility

A

C. Agile Product Delivery

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4
Q

What is a CDP?

A

Continuous Delivery Pipeline - a high performance innovation engine capable of delivery market-leading solutions at the speed of business.

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5
Q

How might an Architect help enable Continuous Deployment?

A. Write enabler features
B. Join the Operations team
C. Document the deployment process
D. Decouple deployment from release

A

D. Decouple deployment from release

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6
Q

With whom should the System Architect collaborate on the PI Roadmap to align and guide teams toward a shared technical vision?

A. Enterprise Architect and Product Management
B. Scrum Masters and the Release Train Engineer
C. Business Owners and Product Owners
D. Release Train Engineer and Product Owners

A

A. Enterprise Architect and Product Management

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7
Q

Which SAFe core value is explicitly a Lean QMS practice?

A. Transparency
B. Built-in Compliance
C. Built-in Quality
D. Alignment

A

C. Built-in Quality

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8
Q

How might an NFR be defined as a backlog item?

A. As an Enabler Feature attached to a business
B. As a generic Enabler that is reused from Iteration to Iteration
C. As an Enabler that will constrain other backlog items once implemented
D. As an Enabler Story attached to a business Story

A

C. As an Enabler that will constrain other backlog items once implemented

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9
Q

What is considered taking an economic view in architecture?

A. Establishing the NFRs
B. Performing return on investment (ROI) analysis on every Enabler
C. Facilitating System and Solution Demos
D. Architecting for desired business outcomes

A

D. Architecting for desired business outcomes

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10
Q

What is the impact of the SAFe principle “Assume variability; preserve options” on Solution Intent?

A. Solution Intent is never fixed
B. Solution Intent contains full specifications for every Solution alternative is connected across the Value Stream
C. Solution Intent evolves from variable to fixed over time
D. Solution Intent never changes

A

C. Solution Intent evolves from variable to fixed over time

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11
Q

What is one element of SAFe’s CALMR approach to DevOps?

A. Culture
B. CI/CD
C. Release
D. Monitoring

A

A. Culture

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12
Q

Which CALMR element reinforces keeping batch sizes small, limit work in process (WIP), and provide extreme visibility?

A. Culture
B. Automation
C. Lean Flow
D. Measurement
E. Recovery

A

C. Lean Flow

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13
Q

Which example is considered an Agile architecture practice?

A. Manage stage gates
B. Allow a system to always run
C. Support architectural review boards
D. Allow feature decomposition

A

B. Allow a system to always run

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14
Q

Which three are characteristics of Lean-Agile Leadership that Architects should develop? (choose 3)

A. The ability to govern via periodic architecture reviews
B. The ability to define and own Enabler Epics
C. The ability to motivate and inspire people
D. The ability to maintain effective Solution Roadmaps
E. The ability to reinforce SAFe principles and core values
F. The ability lead the organization through change

A

C. The ability to motivate and inspire people
E. The ability to reinforce SAFe principles and core values
F. The ability lead the organization through change

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15
Q

How can Architects serve as Lean-Agile Leaders?

A. By decentralizing all architectural decisions
B. By attending leadership training
C. By establishing modern coding standards
D. By respecting people and teams

A

D. By respecting people and teams

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16
Q

Which of the following is a common flow enabler?

A. Architecture review boards
B. Monolithic systems
C. Loosely coupled systems
D. Architecture as documentation

A

C. Loosely coupled systems

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17
Q

Which of the following are common flow enablers? (choose 3)

A. Big design up front (BDUF)
B. Minimum viable architecture
C. Ivory Towers
D. Architecture Silos
E. Federated architecture
F. Architecture as code

A

B. Minimum viable architecture
E. Federated architecture
F. Architecture as code

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18
Q

What are the 4 dimensions of Continuous Exploration?

A. Stage, Test End-to-End, Build, Develop
B. Deploy, Verify, Monitor, Respond
C. Release, Stabilize, Measure, Learn
D. Hypothesize, Collaborate & Research, Architect, Synthesize

A

D. Hypothesize, Collaborate & Research, Architect, Synthesize

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19
Q

What is architecture’s role in Continuous Exploration?

A. Bring all team members and stakeholders into alignment, generating confidence that they’re building the right thing
B. Understand Customer needs and achieve alignment on desired business outcomes across the organization
C. Align to minimum viable products (MVPs) and minimum marketable features (MMFs) and contribute to backlogs and prioritization
D. Quickly define highest value delivery path and prepare backlogs for implementation

A

C. Align to minimum viable products (MVPs) and minimum marketable features (MMFs) and contribute to backlogs and prioritization

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20
Q

What is the business perspective in Continuous Exploration?

A. Bring all team members and stakeholders into alignment, generating confidence that they’re building the right thing
B. Understand Customer needs and achieve alignment on desired business outcomes across the organization
C. Align to minimum viable products (MVPs) and minimum marketable features (MMFs) and contribute to backlogs and prioritization
D. Quickly define highest value delivery path and prepare backlogs for implementation

A

B. Understand Customer needs and achieve alignment on desired business outcomes across the organization

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21
Q

What is the IT perspective in Continuous Exploration?

A. Bring all team members and stakeholders into alignment, generating confidence that they’re building the right thing
B. Understand Customer needs and achieve alignment on desired business outcomes across the organization
C. Align to minimum viable products (MVPs) and minimum marketable features (MMFs) and contribute to backlogs and prioritization
D. Quickly define highest value delivery path and prepare backlogs for implementation

A

D. Quickly define highest value delivery path and prepare backlogs for implementation

22
Q

What is the purpose of Continuous Exploration?

A. Bring all team members and stakeholders into alignment, generating confidence that they’re building the right thing
B. Understand Customer needs and achieve alignment on desired business outcomes across the organization
C. Align to minimum viable products (MVPs) and minimum marketable features (MMFs) and contribute to backlogs and prioritization
D. Quickly define highest value delivery path and prepare backlogs for implementation

A

A. Bring all team members and stakeholders into alignment, generating confidence that they’re building the right thing

23
Q

Continuous Exploration begins and ends with what?

A. concept - prioritized solution roadmap
B. an idea - prioritized program backlog ready for PI Planning
C. detailed requirement - prioritized requirements list
D. an idea - program backlog funnel ready for analysis

A

B. an idea - prioritized program backlog ready for PI Planning

24
Q

What is an Minimum Viable Product (MVP)?

A. a set of Minimum Marketable Features (MMFs) to test a business hypothesis
B. An Epic with a defined Lean Business Case
C. A just-do-it project
D. A monolithic design ready for complete development and implementation

A

A. a set of Minimum Marketable Features (MMFs) to test a business hypothesis

25
Q

What are the 4 dimensions of Continuous Integration?

A. Develop, Build, Test End-to-End, Stage
B. Deploy, Verify, Monitor, Respond
C. Release, Stabilize, Measure, Learn
D. Hypothesize, Collaborate & Research, Architect, Synthesize

A

A. Develop, Build, Test End-to-End, Stage

26
Q

What is architecture’s role in Continuous Integration?

A. Automate compliance, automate the deployment pipeline, architect for continuous testing, architect for continuous integration (ci)
B. Reduce cost and risk of deferring quality issues
C. Builds quality in early to prevent paying for poor quality later
D. Ensures products function properly so that value can be realized

A

A. Automate compliance, automate the deployment pipeline, architect for continuous testing, architect for continuous integration (ci)

27
Q

What is IT’s perspective in Continuous Integration?

A. Automate compliance, automate the deployment pipeline, architect for continuous testing, architect for continuous integration (ci)
B. Reduce cost and risk of deferring quality issues
C. Builds quality in early to prevent paying for poor quality later
D. Ensures products function properly so that value can be realized

A

B. Reduce cost and risk of deferring quality issues

28
Q

What is the focus of Continuous Integration?

A. Automate compliance, automate the deployment pipeline, architect for continuous testing, architect for continuous integration (ci)
B. Reduce cost and risk of deferring quality issues
C. Builds quality in early to prevent paying for poor quality later
D. Ensures products function properly so that value can be realized

A

C. Builds quality in early to prevent paying for poor quality later

29
Q

What is the business perspective of Continuous Integration?

A. Automate compliance, automate the deployment pipeline, architect for continuous testing, architect for continuous integration (ci)
B. Reduce cost and risk of deferring quality issues
C. Builds quality in early to prevent paying for poor quality later
D. Ensures products function properly so that value can be realized

A

D. Ensures products function properly so that value can be realized

30
Q

What is the start and end point of Continuous Integration?

A. Refined program backlog - Features ready to be deployed to production
B. Program Backlog - Deployed Solution
C. MVP - MMF
D. Requirement - Design

A

A. Refined program backlog - Features ready to be deployed to production

31
Q

What are 3 architectural considerations to enable continuous integration? (choose 3)

A. version control
B. trunk-based development
C. loosely coupled systems
D. phase-gate reviews
E. release windows

A

A. version control
B. trunk-based development
C. loosely coupled systems

32
Q

DevOps requires early, continuous code integration which implies what?

A. large batch processing
B. maximize hard dependencies
C. very little code branching
D. no need for version control

A

C. very little code branching

33
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Architecting for Continuous Integration (CI) means enabling multiple, daily clean builds per developer.

A

TRUE

34
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Architecting for Continuous Integration (CI) means maximizing code branching and hard dependencies.

A

FALSE

Architecting for Continuous Integration means MINIMIZING code branching and hard dependencies

35
Q

Architecting for Continuous Integration requires which of the following (select 2).

A. CI and gated commits
B. maximize hard dependencies
C. automated architecture validation
D. no need for version control

A

A. CI and gated commits
C. automated architecture validation

36
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Architects are responsible for designing systems and solutions to support rapid, continuous testing at the component, system, and solutions levels.

A

TRUE

37
Q

What are 3 considerations architect’s might use when designing for continuous testing? (select 3)

A. Test data management
B. Minimum Viable Products (MVPs)
C. Service virtualization
D. Stubs, mocks, and test doubles
E. Minimum Marketable Features (MMFs)

A

A. Test data management
C. Service virtualization
D. Stubs, mocks, and test doubles

38
Q

At a minimum, working software should be testing continuously and demo’d at least once every what?

A. Daily Stand Up
B. Iteration
C. Program Increment
D. Solution Roadmap

A

C. Program Increment

39
Q

What are the 4 dimensions of Continuous Deployment?

A. Develop, Build, Test End-to-End, Stage
B. Deploy, Verify, Monitor, Respond
C. Release, Stabilize, Measure, Learn
D. Hypothesize, Collaborate & Research, Architect, Synthesize

A

B. Deploy, Verify, Monitor, Respond

40
Q

What are the 4 dimensions of Release on Demand?

A. Develop, Build, Test End-to-End, Stage
B. Deploy, Verify, Monitor, Respond
C. Release, Stabilize, Measure, Learn
D. Hypothesize, Collaborate & Research, Architect, Synthesize

A

C. Release, Stabilize, Measure, Learn

41
Q

What is the architecture perspective of Continuous Deployment?

A. Features get all the way to ‘done’ on a continuous basis
B. Features are ready to be launched when market timing is optimal
C. Accelerates time-to-market by always being in shippable shape and deploying to production but not going live to end users
D. Decoupling deployment from release, full stack telemetry, rapid recovery from production issues, and continuous deployment (CD) to production

A

D. Decoupling deployment from release, full stack telemetry, rapid recovery from production issues, and continuous deployment (CD) to production

42
Q

What is the business perspective of Continuous Deployment?

A. Features get all the way to ‘done’ on a continuous basis
B. Features are ready to be launched when market timing is optimal
C. Accelerates time-to-market by always being in shippable shape and deploying to production but not going live to end users
D. Decoupling deployment from release, full stack telemetry, rapid recovery from production issues, and continuous deployment (CD) to production

A

B. Features are ready to be launched when market timing is optimal

43
Q

What is the IT perspective of Continuous Deployment?

A. Features get all the way to ‘done’ on a continuous basis
B. Features are ready to be launched when market timing is optimal
C. Accelerates time-to-market by always being in shippable shape and deploying to production but not going live to end users
D. Decoupling deployment from release, full stack telemetry, rapid recovery from production issues, and continuous deployment (CD) to production

A

B. Features are ready to be launched when market timing is optimal

44
Q

What is the focus of Continuous Deployment?

A. Features get all the way to ‘done’ on a continuous basis
B. Features are ready to be launched when market timing is optimal
C. Accelerates time-to-market by always being in shippable shape and deploying to production but not going live to end users
D. Decoupling deployment from release, full stack telemetry, rapid recovery from production issues, and continuous deployment (CD) to production

A

C. Accelerates time-to-market by always being in shippable shape and deploying to production but not going live to end users

45
Q

What value does Continuous Deployment provide the business?

A. Features are ready to be launched when market timing is optimal
B. Changes developed in small batches are immediately available to users
C. Products function properly so that value can be realized
D. Involves the customer earlier in the process, providing faster feedback

A

A. Features are ready to be launched when

46
Q

What are the 5 architectural considerations for continuous deployment?

A

A. Deployment Automation
B. One-click deploys
C. Infrastructure as code
D. Deployment self-service
E. Ubiquitous version control

47
Q

What is a leading indicator of devops maturity?

A. Program Predictability Measure
B. Mean Time to Restore (MTTR)
C. Cumulative Flow Diagram (CFD)
D. Weighted Shortest Job First (WSJF)

A

B. Mean Time to Restore (MTTR)

48
Q

What is the focus of Release on Demand?

A. Leverage technology to run and grow the business
B. Provide valuable and reliable business Solutions
C. Architect for operations, measure business value delivered, decouple release elements, release on demand
D. Maximize the long-term value delivered to customers

A

D. Maximize the long-term value delivered to customers

49
Q

What is the business perspective of Release on Demand?

A. Leverage technology to run and grow the business
B. Provide valuable and reliable business Solutions
C. Architect for operations, measure business value delivered, decouple release elements, release on demand
D. Maximize the long-term value delivered to customers

A

A. Leverage technology to run and grow the business

50
Q

What is the IT perspective of Release on Demand?

A. Leverage technology to run and grow the business
B. Provide valuable and reliable business Solutions
C. Architect for operations, measure business value delivered, decouple release elements, release on demand
D. Maximize the long-term value delivered to customers

A

B. Provide valuable and reliable business Solutions

51
Q

What is the Architecture perspective of Release on Demand?

A. Leverage technology to run and grow the business
B. Provide valuable and reliable business Solutions
C. Architect for operations, measure business value delivered, decouple release elements, release on demand
D. Maximize the long-term value delivered to customers

A

C. Architect for operations, measure business value delivered, decouple release elements, release on demand

SAFe for Architects (9 decks)

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