Arches & Plantar Fascia of The Foot

Question 1

The bones of the foot form arches which act as _______ _________.

Answer 1

SHOCK ABSORBERS

Question 2

The arches of the foot are maintained by which 4 factors?

Answer 2

1 - THE SHAPE OF THE INTERLOCKING BONES
2 - THE LIGAMENTS
3 - THE FASCIA
4 - THE ACTION OF THE MUSCLES

Question 3

The medial longitudinal arch is formed by which bones?

Answer 3

CALCANEUS
\+
TALUS
\+
NAVICULAR
\+
CUNEIFORMS (3)
\+
METATARSALS (1 - 3)

Question 4

The lateral longitudinal arch is formed by which bones?

Answer 4

CALCANEUS
\+
TALUS
\+
CUBOID
\+
METATARSALS (4 - 5)

Question 5

Name the distal end of the medial longitudinal arch?

Answer 5

METATARSAL HEADS (1 - 3)

Question 6

Name the distal end of the lateral longitudinal arch?

Answer 6

METATARSAL HEADS (4 - 5)

Question 7

Which arch involves the whole length of the foot, but crosses medial to lateral?

Answer 7

THE TRANSVERSE ARCH

Question 8

Name the reference points for the anterior portion of the transverse arch?

Answer 8

HEAD OF 1ST MT
to
HEAD OF 5TH MT

Question 9

Name the reference points for the middle portion of the transverse arch?

Answer 9

CUNEIFORM 1
to
CUBOID

Question 10

Name the reference points for the posterior portion of the transverse arch?

Answer 10

NAVICULAR
to
CUBOID

Question 11

Name the thick, central fascia (connective tissue) on the sole of the foot?

Answer 11

PLANTAR FASCIA

Question 12

What’s another name for plantar fascia?

Answer 12

PLANTAR APONEUROSIS

Question 13

Where does the plantar fascia connect medially?

Answer 13

CALCANEAL TUBERCLE

Question 14

Where does the plantar fascia connect proximally?

Answer 14

PHALANX OF EACH TOE

Question 15

As the toes __________ (primarily the first) the plantar fascia tightens.

Answer 15

EXTEND

Question 16

When the plantar fascia tightens it pulls the calcaneus in which direction?

Answer 16

ANTERIORLY

Question 17

When the plantar fascia tightens, what happens to the arches of the foot?

Answer 17

ELEVATION
+
PUTS FOOT INTO POSITION OF SUPINATION

Question 18

What is the name of the cycle which refers to the everyday movement of the foot? (running, walking)

Answer 18

THE GAIT CYCLE

Question 19

Explain the windlass mechanism?

Answer 19

TOES EXTEND and PLANTAR FASCIA TIGHTENS
PF TIGHTENS and CALCANEUS moves ANTERIORLY
ARCHES ELEVATE
FOOT IS IN SUPINATION

Question 20

Name the 3 arches of the foot?

Answer 20

1 - MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL ARCH
2 - LATERAL LONGITUDINAL ARCH
3 - TRANSVERSE ARCH