Arbovirus Flashcards
Members of arbovirus family
Togavirus
Flavivirus
Bunyavirus
Reovirus
Flavivirus includes which important arboviral diseases of man
Yellow fever
Japanese encephalitis
Dengue fever
Dengue virus transmission
Bite of an female aedes mosquito
(Aedes aegypti & Aedes albopictus)
Dengue fever also called
Break bone fever because it causes severe joint and muscle pain
Dengue virus types
DEN-1
DEN-2
DEN-3
DEN-4
Dengue clinical variants
Classical dengue fever
Dengue hemorrhagic fever
Dengue shock syndrome
Principal symptoms of dengue
High fever and at least two of the following
-severe headache
-severe eye pain
-joint/muscle/bone pain
-rash
-low wbc
Classical dengue fever clinical presentation
Fever biphasic
-initial phase few hours to 2 days
-3 to 7 days remission
-second phase 1 to 2 days
Rash
-maculopapular
Dengue hemorrhagic fever clinical presentation
All symptoms of classical dengue plus
-bleeding from nose, gums or under the skin causing purplish bruises
-GIT bleeding
-can cause death
Dengue shock syndrome clinical presentation
All symptoms of CDF & DHF plus
-massive bleeding
-shock
-vomiting
-hypothermia
-usually in children experiencing their second dengue infection
Lab diagnosis for dengue
CBC
Hematocrit
Platelet count
Immunological tests
Chest xray
Lab results for dengue
Leukopenia
Thrombocytopenia
ALT/AST elevated
Elisa (IgM and IgG)
PCR and culture
Pleural effusion in hemorrhagic fever
WHO criteria for diagnosis of dengue
High continuous fever for 2-7 days
Hemorrhagic diathesis
Hepatomegaly
Thrombocytopenia
Hemoconcentration (inc. hematocrit)
Chikungunya fever caused by
Arbovirus transmitted by Aedes mosquito
Family of chikungunya virus
Togavirus
Aedes mosquito transmit infection through?
Mosquito bites and sucks blood containing the virus from an infected person
And passes the virus to healthy people when it bites them
Chikungunya clinical features
Two phases
-Acute (onset of fever and polyarthralgia)
-Chronic (inflammatory relapses, long-standing rheumatism)
Arthralgia features in Chikungunya
Multiple joints
Bilateral and symmetrical
Hands and feet commonly effected
Pain worse in the morning
Swollen and painful joints
Arthritis may last for weeks or months
Diagnosis for Chikungunya
Elisa (IgM)
Pcr
Preventive measures
Using insect repellents
Using mosquito nets or screens
Eliminating stagnant water
Aerosol spray of malathion to stop transmission
