Arabo Islamic Philosphy Flashcards
When did the Abbasid period start and end?
750 to 1258 (half a millennium)
Abu ’l-‘Abbas ‘Abd Allah is known as ?
‘alSaffah’ (lit. ‘the blood spiller’)
السفاح
Baghdad: is known as ?
“The City of Peace”
Madinat al-Salam
Abu Ja‘far Muhammad ‘alMansur’ and Harun b. al-Mahdi,
‘al-Rashid are?
Abbasids
Bayt al-Hikma “House of Wisdom”
was founded by?
‘Abd Allah b. al-Rashid, ‘al-Ma’mun’
Who was the first director and scholar of Bayt Al-Hikma? and he was the teacher of?
court physician and scholar Yuhanna bin Masawayh
Hunayn b. Ishaq
Who was considered the greatest
scholar in the entire history of
the translation movement in
Islam?
Hunayn b. Ishaq
Hunayn b. Ishaq is also called?
Joannitius
Hunayn b.Ishaq is a ?
Iraqi Nestorian translator,
scholar, physician and scientist.
Who was the director of the Bayt al-Hikma
after Yuhanna bin Masawayh?
Hunayn b. Ishaq
Hunayn b. Ishaq translated more than -- works. He was awarded an amount of ---- equivalent to the weight of the books translated.
31
gold
Hunayn ibn Ishaq was accompanied by his son
———— and his nephew ———-
Ishaq b. Hunayn
Hubaysh
It was quite normal at times for Hunayn to translate
—– material into ——-, and have his nephew
finish by translating the text from Syriac to
————.
Greek
Syriac
Arabic
The —— were able to assimilate almost the
whole of ancient learning (Greek philosophy and
science, Persian literary and political wisdom and
Indian medicine and mathematics).
arabs
———— was the last of the great
schools of Classical pagan philosophy.
Neoplatonism
A synthesis of ———, —————–,
————–, and —————-, which
provided an esoteric interpretation of
classical Greek Paganism, it incorporated
philosophy, mysticism and theosophy.
Platonism, Aristotelianism,
Stoicism, and Pythagoreanism
For– centuries it served as a last bastion of
Pagan wisdom and Esoteric philosophy in
an increasingly hostile ——- dominated
empire.
3
Christian
The Neoplatonic doctrine was originally -----------; however through the centuries other metaphysical systems were absorbed into it until it became a ----------------doctrine.
Greek
heterogeneous
Principally Neoplatonism is a type of idealistic
————. It states the ultimate reality of
the universe is held by an infinite, perfect
—-.
monism
one
Al Kindi is a ——-,——-, and ——- born in ——-
polymath
mathematician
physician
Kufa
“The Philosopher of
the Arabs” is?
Al Kindi
Greek Philosphy had a far reaching impact on ——- intellectual and ——– life in the ninth century, as it gave fresh impetus to the scholarly examination of ——–
islamic
cultural
dogma
It was —————– who first
introduced Greek philosophy and underscored its
conformity with the Qur’anic world view.
Abu Yusuf Ya’qub al-Kindi
Abu Bakr al-Razi followed
—— and ——- in philosphy
Plato and Socrates
—— later influenced the ‘Brethren
of Sincerity/Purity’
Al Razi
The Brethern of purity/sincerity (Ikhwan al-Safa)
• Believed in the unity of philosophy and
religious truth —– and other religions
• Dedication to the study of —-
• The most unusual of religious philosophical
groups of ——.
islam
math
islam
Who are the foremost representatives of Islamic
Neoplatonism?
Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina
Al Farabi and Ibn Sina scarified large portion of
——- belief in the interest of greater
consistency
islamic
They formulated a theory of the origination
of the universe in direct conflict with the
———— concept of creation ex ——– (from
nothing).
Qur’anic
nihilo
Among Al Farabi’s famous works is?
al-Madinat al-Fadila (The
Virtuous City)
Al Farabi wrote on —–, —–, ———, ——, ——–, and ———— on earlier philosophers.
logic music metaphysics ethics politics commentaries
Who was known to the Arabs as the ‘Second
Teacher’ (after Aristotle), and with good reason?
Al-Farabi
Under the influence of Neoplatonism, he formulated
an emanationist theory of the origin of the world,
which seems to have replaced the concept of
creation ex——– in his metaphysics.
nihilo
Ibn Sina is known as what in english?
Avicenna
Influenced by al-Farabi, Ibn Sina
adopted and adapted the theory
of ———– (al-fayd).
emanation
Among his famous works: The
Canon of Medicine “————” which is a —volume
Arabic medical encyclopedia.
Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb
14
—————- ( d. 1191) exploited to the
full Ibn Sina’s tendency towards ———-. His
philosophy is closer to ———– (Islamic mysticism) and is
called al-falsafa al-ishraqiyah or illuminationism.
Shihab al-Din al-Sahrawardi
mysticism
sufism
Who is the Founder of the Illuminationist
philosophy or ‘Oriental
philosophy’ (Falsafat al-Ishraq)?
al-Suhrawardi
Al- Suhrawadi is sometimes given the honorific title shaykh -------- or “Master of Illumination” and sometimes is called al-Shaykh --------, the “murdered shaykh”, referring to his execution for heresy.
al-ishraq
almaqtul,
Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazali al-Tusi was called?
“Hujjat al-Islam” (The Proof of Islam)
In his famous work Tahafut al-Falasifa (Incoherence of the
philosophers) he argued against Neoplatonism. Who is he?
Abu Hamid Al Ghazali
In general al-Ghazali argues against those advocating: 1.The ----------- of the world 2.--------- lack of knowledge of particulars 3.The denial of bodily ---------
eternity
God’s
resurrection
Interest in philosophy and science began during the reign of the —— Umayyad ruler Muhammad b. ‘Abd al-Rahman.
The process of assimilating ancient learning, however, was during the reign of ——— who tried to vie with his Abbasid rivals.
fith
al-Mustansir
The major Andalusian philosophers are:
Ibn Bajah or (Avempace) Ibn Tufayl (d. 1185) Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
Ibn Rush is known as what in English?
Averroes
His detailed commentaries on
Aristotle earned Averroes the
title “——————”
The Commentator
“Tahafut al-Tahafut” is a detailed
and careful refutation of ———— earlier work Tahafut
al-Falasifa (Incoherence of the philosophers)
alGhazzali’s
Ibn Rushd was born in and died in?
Born in Cordoba
died in Marrakesh
Ibn Tufayl appointed Ibn Rushd as a ?
judge (qadi) in
Seville.
Ibn Rushd was Chief qadi in ——
Cordoba
Ibn Rushd’s interest in harmonizing
philosophy and dogma because he
was a ——
judge
Ibn Rushd Lost favor and was exiled, his books were burnt during the reign of ———, the son and successor of Abu Ya‘qub.
al-Mansur
Ibn Rushd’s famous works?
- Fasl al-Maqal (Relation of Philosophy and Religion)
- Al-Kashf ‘an Manahij al-Adilla (Methods of Proof
Concerning the Beliefs of the Community) - Tahafut al Tahafut ( The incoherence of the
Incoherence)
