AR History Chapter. 10 Flashcards
The belief that the Southern way of life was distinct from an incompatible with the northern ‘Yankee’ way of life
Southern Consciousness
To withdraw from an organization or a government
Secede
To end totally, and completely; to end immediately, as in slavery
Abolish
To make appointments to government jobs based on grounds other than merit
Patronage
A reasonable viewpoint that is not considered extreme; in the middle
Moderate
The belief that if a law passed by the federal government was deemed unfair or unconstitutional, the state had a ride to accept, deny, or evaluate the policy
State’s Rights
To encourage Western settlement, the US Congress in 1862 passed a law granting 160 acres free to any man who would occupy and cultivate the land
Homestead Act
The immediate and total end to slavery
Abolition
A group representing all states that cast the final vote in presidential elections, based upon the majority vote in each state. A candidate may win only 51 percent of the popular votes in a state, but when all the states electoral votes. The number of the electoral votes assigned each state is based upon population; the electoral vote of each state is equal to the number of its members the house of representatives plus its two senators.
Electoral College
The nation formed by Southern states that seceded from the union because of fears of the elimination of slavery and a threat to states rights
Confederate States of America
The president of the Confederate states of America
Jefferson Davis
A large or central government, under which states are governed. In this context, do United States government in Washington, DC, the Union government.
Federal
Those in the South who were willing to wait and see what Lincoln might do as president rather than secede merely on the base of his election
Cooperationists
Those in the South who wanted to succeed from the Union only under certain conditions, namely, if President Lincoln took actions harmful to the South
Conditionalists
Unionist from Fayetteville, who led secession conventions. At the second convention, he voted for secession
Judge David Walker
In total; one hundred percent agreement
Unanimous
From Madison County, the only person to vote against Arkansas’s secession. Later, he served as the union governor in Little Rock
Isaac Murphy
A wealthy Little Rock resident who threw flowers from the balcony of the state house to Isaac Murphy when he voted against secession
Mrs. Frederick Trapnall
Foot soldiers carrying rifles; the largest group in an army
Infantry
Soldiers mounted on horseback
Calvary
Heavy guns and the soldiers who operate them
Artillery Batteries
The selection of a person or persons for required military service. A requirement or order to join
Draft
In war, not only the dead, it also includes the number of wounded and missing
Casualties
Individuals and independent bands taking part in irregular warfare, or special forces engaged in harassment and sabotage
Guerilla
Military rule that may take over the civil government in times of crisis or war
Martial Law
Established by Henri de Tonti in 1686, this was the first permanent European settlement in Arkansas. The area was near the confluence of the Arkansas and Mississippi rivers
Arkansas Post
Outlaws who terrorized civilians during and after the Civil War: so called because they were believed to have come from Kansas, the Jayhawk state
Jayhawkers
Guerilla fighters and outlaws who terrorized civilians during and after the Civil War
Bushwhackers
A powerful narcotic derive from opium used to deaden pain
Morphine
A drug derived from chinchona (Peruvian) parentheses bark, used to treat the symptoms of malaria
Quinine
A disease characterized by severe cramps and diarrhea, resulting in dehydration, and sometimes death. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection from unclean water or food
Dysentery
The Union army term for slaves from the Confederacy who fled their homes into the Union army camps
Contraband
An agency set up by the US government to provide food, clothing, shelter, and education to blacks, after they were freed from slavery
Freedman’s Bureau
To end restrictions or limitations; to free as from slavery
Emancipation
Issued by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, eight freed slaves, who lived in states that were fighting against the Union
Emancipation Proclamation
Revolt, uprising
Insurrection
