AR History Chapt. 9 Flashcards
A small group of wealthy men who owned large amounts of land, many slaves, and typically focused on the production of cotton
Planters
A state without slavery; where slavery was illegal
Free State
A guarantee of privilege granted by the power of a state or county
Charter
A very large farm devoted to production of one chief crop, such as cotton or sugar, associated with a slave labor force; a farm with at least a thousand acres and twenty slaves was considered this
Plantation
A small, wealthy, and powerful group of individuals
Elite
Storage or repair place for firearms or other weapons
Arsenal
Money available for investment, construction, or expansion of business
Capital
The provision of money, goods, or services with the expectation of future payment
Credit
An Arkansas state bank created in the 1830s primarily for the use of the planters and the wealthy
Real Estate Bank
An Arkansas bank created in the 1830s to serve primarily merchants and the ‘common’ man
State Bank
Interest-bearing certificates of public or private indebtedness; a method of borrowing money
Bonds
One who determines the value of land or other property
Assessor
An 1836 policy issued by President Jackson and implemented by president Van Buren that required payment for public lands be in gold and silver or ‘hard’ money, as opposed to paper money that was soft
Specie Circular
Hard currency, namely gold or silver, as opposed to paper money
Specie
A severe economic depression caused by falling cotton prices, failure of the wheat crop in the United States, and financial hardships in England
Panic of 1837
A law specifying that public lands be set aside and sold to raise cash to build schools
Common School Law
An independent, small, or family farmer
Yeoman
residents on land who do not hold legal title to the land
Squatters
Someone interested in the buying and selling of land for quick and/or large profit; real-estate investor
Speculator
Hulled corn with the germ removed, from which grits are made
Hominy
Outdoor toilet or outhouse
Privy
A Chicot County slave owner
Elisha Worthington
Boss of a group of slaves, usually a white man, hired to manage the plantation
Overseer
The pods and their white, billowy, puffy fiber that is picked and spun into cotton thread
Bolls
A device that pressed loose cotton into bales
Compress
A skilled craftsman who makes wheels
Wheelwright
A short trip or voyage, usually for pleasure
Excursion
Guest speakers, who were considered to be authorities on topics such as art, culture, or politics, who traveled throughout the countryside to give lectures or conduct discussions among the citizenry
Lyceum
A fraternal organization, founded in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1819; named as such because outsiders considered it ‘odd’ to see people coming together to assist others less fortunate
Odd Fellows
1851, first national fraternity to include men and women
Daughters of Rebekah
As in behavior: polite, courteous, well-mannered, decent; or of having to do with the public or citizenry. A war between the citizens of a nation
Civil
An organization, once a ‘secret society,’ of men who believe in one Supreme Being and work to better themselves through the building of character, giving to charity, and/or volunteering, and by strengthening moral values. formally established in 1717
Masons
A small shelter, shack, or shanty with a sloped roof held up by a pole
Lean-to
Dating; attracting, engaging, or attempting to form a bond
Courtship
The belief, ideology, or doctrine that Americans has a right and responsibility to expand westward all the way to the Pacific coast
Manifest Destiny
Gold hunters who traveled to California in the Gold Rush of 1849
Forty-niners
Placing a bankrupt institution into the hands of new management, often appointed b a court
Receivership
