AR

Question 1

AR

Answer 1

means the guilty act. Could be omission or state of affairs

Question 2

Conduct Crimes

Answer 2

AR is prohibited behaviour itself eg drink driving. Blood has alcohol. No consequence needed

Question 3

Consequence Crimes

Answer 3

Some crimes AR must end in a criminal consequence eg. occasioning ABH OAPA. Merchant V Muntz not guilty of driving dangerously bc didn’t kill anyone

Question 4

Voluntary Nature of AR

Answer 4

Act or omission must be on the part of the defendant. If D had no control over actions then he hasn’t committed an offence. Hill v Baxter

Question 5

Omissions

Answer 5

Failure to act. General rule in English law is that there is no liability for a failure to act

Question 6

Statutory Duty

Answer 6

RTA 1988

Question 7

Contractual

Answer 7

Pittwood

Question 8

Special Relationship

Answer 8

Gibbins and Proctor- failed to feed child

Question 9

Dangerous situation

Answer 9

Miller

Question 10

Duty when in an official position

Answer 10

Dytham

Question 11

Voluntarily Duty

Answer 11

Stone v Dobisnon

Question 12

Duty of Doctors

Answer 12

if doctors stop treating patient in best interests not an omission capable of forming AR of a crime . Airedale Trust v Bland.

Question 13

Thin Skull rule

Answer 13

Take victim as you find them. R v Blaue