APUSH Midterm Flashcards
Teller Amendment
tell them and break the wonderful news
Definition: A provision passed in 1898 stating that the U.S. would not take over Cuba after defeating Spain in the Spanish-American War.
Significance: It demonstrated U.S. intentions to promote Cuban independence and reassured skeptics about imperial ambitions. im the end, they didnt keep their promise cus they still tried to control Cuba
what Territory was Gained from the Spanish-American War because of the Treaty of Paris in 1898
Definition: As a result of the 1898 Treaty of Paris, the U.S. acquired Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines.
Significance: These acquisitions marked the U.S.’s emergence as a global imperial power.
Open Door Policy
hey, were open to new things
Definition: A U.S. policy advocating for equal trading rights in China and respect for its territorial integrity, established in 1899–1900.
Significance: It aimed to protect American trade interests and curb European domination in China.
Immediate Cause of WWI
Definition: WWI began in 1914 after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
Significance: The assassination triggered a series of alliances and conflicts that escalated into a global war.
America’s Entry into WWI
Definition: The U.S. entered WWI in 1917 after Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare and the interception of the Zimmermann Telegram.
Significance: U.S. involvement shifted the balance in favor of the Allies and showcased its growing global influence.
Woodrow Wilson’s Declaration of War (1917)
Definition: Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany, emphasizing the need to protect democracy.
Significance: The U.S. entered WWI as a moral crusader, reshaping its role on the global stage.
War Industries Board
Definition: A government agency during WWI that coordinated industrial ORGANIZE production for the war effort.
Significance: It highlighted the importance of centralized economic planning during wartime
Committee on Public Information
Definition: A propaganda agency established during WWI to garner public support for the war.
Significance: It utilized mass media to unite the nation and promote patriotism.
Insular Cases
thanks to treaty of Paris
supreme court decisions
addressed the legal status of overseas territories
Definition: A series of Supreme Court decisions about the application of U.S. constitutional rights in new territories.
Significance: These rulings defined the legal status of U.S. territories and their residents.
Roosevelt Corollary
Definition: An extension of the Monroe Doctrine asserting (declare) the U.S.’s right to intervene in Latin America.
not only were the nations of the Western Hemisphere protected against colonization by European powers but also that the United States had the duty to preserve order in the nations of the Western Hemisphere.
Significance: It established the U.S. as a regional “policeman” in the Western Hemisphere.
The Great Migration (WWI)
Definition: The movement of African Americans from the South to Northern cities for better economic opportunities.
Significance: It reshaped demographics and spurred cultural developments, such as the Harlem Renaissance.
Theodore Roosevelt
26th pres
Definition: A U.S. president known for leading the Rough Riders, the “Square Deal” policies, and running as a Progressive in 1912.
Significance: His leadership expanded U.S. influence globally and redefined the role of government domestically.
Queen Liliuokalani
Definition: The last monarch of Hawaii, overthrown in 1893 with U.S. support.
Significance: Her removal paved the way for Hawaii’s annexation and highlighted U.S. expansionism.
Alfred Mahan’s Writing
Definition: His work, The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, argued for naval strength as key to global power.
Significance: It shaped U.S. foreign policy and justified imperialism.
Alice Paul
Feminest
Definition: A suffragist who led efforts for the 19th Amendment, granting women the right to vote.
Significance: Her activism was pivotal in securing gender equality in voting rights
Harlem Renaissance
Definition: A cultural movement celebrating African American art, music, and literature during the 1920s.
Significance: It fostered racial pride and influenced American culture.
Soft Power (1920s)
keep calm luh
Definition: The use of cultural influence rather than force to assert national power.
Significance: The U.S. exported culture like jazz and cinema, shaping its global image.
Dollar Diplomacy
Hey we give you money so that u can let us be the rulers
Definition: A policy encouraging U.S. investment in foreign economies to gain influence.
the United States lent money to foreign countries in return for the ability to make decisions for the governments of those countries.
Significance: It reflected economic imperialism, (when a country is in control of a dif country by force) particularly in Latin America.
Consumer Buying in the 1920s
Definition: Americans embraced credit and installment buying, fueling an economic boom.
Significance: This consumer culture helped define the Roaring Twenties but contributed to the Great Depression
Sheppard-Towner Federal Maternity and Infancy Act (1921)
Definition: A law funding maternal and infant healthcare programs.
Significance: It was an early example of federal involvement in public health.
Targets of the KKK in the 1920s
Definition: Beyond African Americans, the Klan targeted Jews, Catholics, and immigrants.
Significance: Their resurgence highlighted racial and cultural tensions of the time.
Universal Negro Improvement Association
GARVEY
Definition: Marcus Garvey’s organization promoting black pride and economic independence.
Significance: It laid groundwork for later civil rights movements.
Great Depression’s Effect on Women in the Workforce
Definition: Many women faced discrimination and job loss but continued to work in low-paying roles.
Significance: It challenged traditional gender roles and highlighted inequalities.
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti Court Case
Definition: Sacco and Vanzetti were Italian immigrants and anarchists (freedom fighter) who were convicted of murder in 1921 during a robbery in Massachusetts. The trial was highly controversial due to allegations of bias against their political beliefs and immigrant status.
Significance: The case highlighted deep divisions in American society over issues like immigration, political radicalism, and justice. It became a symbol of unfair treatment of minorities and inspired protests global
Henry Ford’s Contributions
intro to the?
Definition: Henry Ford revolutionized the automobile industry with the introduction of the assembly line, which made car production more efficient and affordable.
Significance: Ford’s methods democratized car ownership and reshaped the American economy by creating jobs and fostering suburban development
Zora Neale Hurston
Definition: An influential African American author, anthropologist, and filmmaker of the Harlem Renaissance, best known for her novel Their Eyes Were Watching God.
Significance: Hurston celebrated Black culture and folklore, leaving a profound impact on literature and advancing African American voices in storytelling.
Louis Armstrong
Definition: A legendary jazz musician known for his trumpet playing, improvisational skill, and unique vocal style.
Significance: Armstrong played a critical role in popularizing jazz and breaking racial barriers in entertainment, influencing countless musicians.
President Herbert Hoover’s Philosophy on the Great Depression
Definition: Hoover championed “rugged individualism,” a belief that individuals should solve their problems without government intervention.
Significance: This philosophy led to limited federal response during the early Great Depression, resulting in widespread dissatisfaction and paving the way for Roosevelt’s New Deal.
President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s First Action
how did he close the yk?
Definition: Upon taking office, Roosevelt closed banks temporarily with the Emergency Banking Act to stabilize the financial system.
Significance: This restored public confidence, as people believed their savings would be safe, marking a bold start to his presidency.
The New Deal
Definition: A series of programs and reforms initiated by Roosevelt to address the economic hardships of the Great Depression.
Significance: The New Deal provided jobs, introduced social safety nets like Social Security, and transformed the relationship between government and citizens.
Minorities During the Great Depression
Definition/Significance: African Americans shifted their support to the Democratic Party due to New Deal benefits. This realignment had a long-lasting impact on American political dynamics.
The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934
Definition: This act aimed to restore tribal governance and promote economic development for Native Americans.
Significance: It marked a major policy shift by reversing decades of assimilation efforts and recognizing tribal sovereignty.
The Bonus Army
Definition: A group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington to demand early payment of promised bonuses.
Significance: Their treatment by the government exposed the challenges of veterans and intensified criticism of Hoover’s administration.
President Roosevelt’s Fireside Chats
Definition: Radio broadcasts where Roosevelt spoke directly to Americans about key issues.
Significance: These chats fostered trust, reassured citizens during crises, and showcased the power of media in leadership.
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Definition: A New Deal program employing young men in projects like reforestation and park development.
Significance: It alleviated unemployment while enhancing public lands, leaving a lasting legacy of environmental improvement.
Frances Perkins
secretary of what?
Definition: The first woman to serve in a U.S. Cabinet position as Secretary of Labor under Roosevelt.
Significance: Perkins played a key role in crafting New Deal policies, including Social Security and labor protections.
Eleanor Roosevelt
Definition: FDR’s wife and a transformational First Lady.
Significance: She redefined the role, becoming an advocate for civil rights, women’s rights, and social reform.
The Social Security Act
Definition: A 1935 act creating a federal safety net for retirees, unemployed individuals, and the disadvantaged.
Significance: It established long-term economic security and remains a cornerstone of U.S. social policy.
The Dust Bowl
Definition: A severe environmental disaster in the 1930s affecting the Great Plains, caused by drought and poor farming practices.
Significance: It deepened the economic struggles of the Great Depression and prompted advances in soil conservation.
The National Recovery Administration (NRA)
Definition: A New Deal agency to promote fair practices and business recovery.
Significance: While short-lived, it set important precedents for labor standards and government intervention in the economy.
How many multiple questions
55
Short answer
9 total each have 3 questions
DBQ?
1 doc. Based question
FRQ?
1 free response
Chronological
Reasoning
reason
how it changed
year
Historical causation
Patterns of continuity and change over time
Periodization
Comparison and
Contextualization
Comparison
Contextualization
Crafting Historical Arguments
from historical evidence/
Historical argumentation
Appropriate use of relevant historical
evidence
Historical
Interpretation and
Synthesis
Interpretation
Synthesis
