APUSH Chapter 14 Flashcards
What was the primary purpose of the Gettysburg Address?
To remind Americans why they are fighting
It emphasizes liberty and freedom.
What was the significance of the 54th Massachusetts regiment?
First all-Black regiment in the Union Army
Blacks fought for their brethren in the South.
What was the status of military units regarding segregation during the Civil War?
Military units were segregated
Segregation remained until WWII.
What did the Emancipation Proclamation achieve?
Freed slaves in Confederate-held territory
It incentivized further incursions into Confederate territory.
What was Juneteenth?
Celebration of the end of slavery in the U.S.
It marks the enforcement of the Emancipation Proclamation.
How did African American soldiers impact perceptions in the North?
Changed perceptions about Blacks in the North
Their service during the war was a point of pride.
What was the Battle of Antietam’s significance?
Allowed Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation
It was a crucial Union victory.
What did the Cult of Domesticity face during the Civil War?
It was challenged as women took jobs left by men
This led to arguments for women’s voting rights.
What was the outcome of the naval battle between Monitor & Merrimack?
Showed that ironclad ships were superior to previous models
What was Lincoln’s focus regarding slavery during the Civil War?
Focused on keeping the nation together at the cost of slavery
He varied in his opinions but did not advocate for abolition initially.
What was the 10 Percent Plan?
Required 10% of the population in Southern States to swear allegiance for statehood
It aimed for a lenient Reconstruction.
What did the Wade-Davis Bill represent?
The Radical Republican’s answer to Reconstruction
It reflected a desire for punishment in the North.
What did the 13th Amendment accomplish?
Actually freed the slaves
What was the role of Irish immigrants in the Civil War?
Guaranteed immediate citizenship if they fought for the U.S. military
What does Habeas Corpus allow during the Civil War?
People can be held without trial based on suspicion
It contradicts rights in the Bill of Rights.
What was the Ex Parte Milligan Supreme Court ruling about?
Deals with military tribunals vs. civilian courts
Who were the Copperheads?
People in the North not loyal to the Union
Named after a snake.
What was the impact of Great Britain’s acquisition of India on the South?
Diminished the global need for Southern cotton
What was Sherman’s March to the Sea known for?
Scorched Earth strategy that helped Lincoln win reelection
What was the significance of the Battle of Gettysburg?
Biggest Union victory and turning point in the war
What was the significance of the Battle of Vicksburg?
Turning point in the Civil War
What were Southern military uses of slaves during the Civil War?
Slaves accompanied masters into battle and fought for the Confederacy
Lincoln’s First Election
Lincoln won in the North; Did not win a single vote in the South
The Secession Crisis
December 20, 1860, South Carolina secedes. 6 others follow by the time Lincoln becomes Pres.
Crittenden Compromise
Proposed new Con. Amendments. Guarantee slavery where it was; re-establish MO compromise line in all U.S. territory
Lincoln’s stance on the Crittenden Compromise
Lincoln was opposed to the Crittenden Plan because Republicans were elected w/ a key part of their platform being the non-extension of slavery
Fort Sumter
Confederate leaders try capturing the fort
Launches war
Border States
The 4 slave states that remained in the union (Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware).
Northern Advantages
Larger population, more industry/war production, advanced transportation system
Southern Advantages
Fighting a defensive war (knew land better), most of white population was united, better military leadership
Economics of war
Both North and South mobilized their economies to support the war
Homestead Act
Provided 160 acres of land for settlers to move west for a small fee after 5 years
Morrill Land Grant
Federal lang was given to states to use for financing education… Led to new colleges and universities
Tariffs
Raised to highest level in history to that point. Republicans dominated Congress, wanted to raise tariff rates.
Railroad Subsidies
Given for transcontinental railroad; Union Pacific and Central Pacific met in 1869
