Approachs ao1

Question 1

Origins of psychology

Answer 1

-Wundt, first lab Leipzig, Germany 1879
-used introspection with metronome
-moved away from philosophy, standardised and controlled method

Question 2

Behaviourism

Answer 2

-Tabula Rosa
-all behaviour is learnt
-focused on observable events
-rely on animal lab experiments
-classical conditioning, Watson
-operant conditioning, Skinner

Question 3

Social learning theory

Answer 3

-Bandura: learn through observing and imitating role models
-more likely to model if identify
-vicarious reinforcement: see others punished for behaviour
-Bandura bobo doll study: children imitate adults aggression
-mediational processes: Attention, Retention, Motor reproduction, Motivation

Question 4

Cognitive approach

Answer 4

-assumes that objective study of internal mental processes is possible through inferences based on observable behaviour
-Role of schemas: mental representation of knowledge
-computer analogy: input-process-output, helped theoretical models such as MSM
-led to growth of cognitive neuroscience

Question 5

Biological approach

Answer 5

-behaviour is a product of biology
-genetics:inherit predisposition, use twin study concordance rates
-genotype and phenotype: interaction between phenotype and environment cause individual behaviour
-evolution: adaptive traits passed on through natural selection
-epigenetics: when gene expression changes due to factors such as smoking