APPROACHES TO THE PATIENT WITH CNS DISORDERS Flashcards
What are the functions of the frontal lobe?
intelligence praxis inhibition bladder continence saccadic eye movement motor functions expresion of language
what is frontotemporal dementia?
dementia in front and sides of brain, starts earlier than other dementias, causes problems with behaviour and language
what is hydrocephalus?
build up of fluid in the ventricles of the brain
what are the functions of the temporal lobe?
emotion
memory
language
processing auditory information
what are the symptoms of temporal lobe epilepsy?
dejavu, jamaisvu, premonitions, hallucinations, feelings of panic/fear/altered emotion
whats the function of the occipital lobe?
vison
whats the main effect in the eyes if you have an occipital lobe stroke?
homonymous hemianopia on contralateral side
what are the functuons of the parietal lobe?
processing somatosensory information
which cranial nerves are in the midbrain?
3 and 4
which cranial nerves are in the pons?
5,6,7,8
which cranial nerves are in the medulla?
9,10,11,12
what are the functions of the midbrain?
motor movement, particularly movements of the eye, and in auditory and visual processing
whats the functons of the pons?
generating the respiratory rhythm of breathing. Active functioning of the pons may also be fundamental to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
whats the function of the medulla?
transmitting signals between the spinal cord and the higher parts of the brain and in controlling autonomic activities, such as heartbeat and respiration.
what would a lesion in the substantia nigra cause?
parkinson symptoms
what is weber syndrome?
a midbrain stroke that causes ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy
what is wallenburg syndrome?
a troke in the lateral medulla
whats the function of the vestibule-cerebellum?
balance and equilibrium
whats the function of the spinocerebellum?
postural tone
whats the function of the pontocerebellum?
fine co-ordination
what are the symptoms of a cerebellar lesion?
balance problems gait disorders difficulties in coordination resulting in ataxia, uncoordinated movements imbalance speech problems(dysarthria) visual problems (nystagmus) vertigo
whats the function of the thalamus?
relaying sensory and motor signals, as well as regulation of consciousness and alertness
what symptoms do you get with a cranial nerve 2 palsy?
pain with eye movement, temporary vision loss in 1 eye, contralateral homonymous hemianopia, loss of colour vision, flashing lights
what symptoms do you get with a cranial nerve3 palsy?
affected eye is displaced laterally and inferiorly, is dilated and there is partial ptosis