Approaches: Comparison Flashcards
What can you compare approaches with
- Views on development
- Nature vs Nurture
- Determinism vs Free Will
- Reductionism vs Holism
- Treatments etc
- Views on development
Behaviourist Approach
Does not offer stages but shows how learning is continuous throughout life
- Views on development
Social Learning Theory
Does not offer stages but shows how learning Is continuous throughout life
- Views on development
Cognitive Approach
Contributed to our understanding of brain development and our development of schemas
- Views on development
Biological Approach
Maturation is key
Genetically determined changes influence our behaviour and characteristics
- Views on development
Psychodynamic Approach
Presents most coherent theory of child development showing each stage
But stops at teens
- Nature vs Nurture
Behaviourist Approach
Nurture
‘Born as blank slates’
Learn through experience
- Nature vs Nurture
Social Learning theory
Nurture
‘Born as blank slates’
Learn through imitation and observation
- Nature vs Nurture
Cognitive Approach
Both
Processes and schemas come from nature
These can be developed and refined though experience (nurture)
- Nature vs Nurture
Biological Approach
Nature
‘Anatomy is destiny’
Everything psychological is at first biological
behaviour due to genetic blueprints we inherit from parents
- Nature vs Nurture
Psychodynamic Approach
Both
Behaviour often driven from biological instincts
But relationships with parents effect development
- Nature vs Nurture
Humanistic
Nurture
Friends and family have impact on self concept
- Reductionism vs Holism
Behaviourist appraoch
Reductionism
Breaks down behaviour into stimulus-respone
- Reductionism vs Holism
Social Learning Theory
Less Reductionist
Breaks down behaviour into key processes
BUT
also looks into meditational processes
- Reductionism vs Holism
Cognitive Approach
Machine Reductionism
Ignores impact of emotion
- Reductionism vs Holism
Biological Approach
Biological Reductionist
Breaks it down into genes and neurons
- Reductionism vs Holism
Psychodynamic Approach
Reduces it down into influences of sexual drives
BUT
also presents personality as a holistic thing
- Reductionism vs Holism
Humanistic
HOLISM
Investigating all aspects of individual including those they interact with
- Determinism vs Free Will
Behaviourist Approach
HARD DETERMINISM
Environmentally determined
By external factors that we’re unable to control
- Determinism vs Free Will
Social Learning Theory
Reciprocal Determinism
Aswell as being influenced by environment we also exert influence and choice
- Determinism vs Free Will
Biological Approach
HARD DETERMINISM
Genetic Determinism
All behaviour is innate
- Determinism vs Free Will
Psychodynamic Approach
HARD DETERMINISM
Psychic Determinism
Behaviour from unconscious mind
- Determinism vs Free Will
Humanistic Approach
Free will
active agents
- Treatments etc
Behaviourist Approach
Behavioural therapy
- systematic desensitisation
- Treatments etc
Social Learning Theory
Not much
can look at dysfunctional role models
- Treatments etc
Cognitive approach
CBT
for depression
- Treatments etc
Biological Approach
Drug therapy
mental disorders
regulate imbalance of chemicals in brain
- Treatments etc
Psychodynamic Approach
Psychoanalysis has some success as therapy but only works for certain patients as requires exploring and talking a lot about past
- Treatments etc
Humanistic Approach
Rogers therapy
client centred therapy
