Approach to Movement Disorders Flashcards
What are the two main classifications of movement disorders
Bradykinetic
Hyperkinetic
What causes Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease
caused by a depletion of dopamine in the nigrostriatal system, disrupting DA and Acth balance
What is Myerson’s sign
repetitive tapping leads to sustained blinking
Describe the features of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Bradykinesia and rigidity
Loss of voluntary control of eye movement (vertical gaze)
What is the “kicker” feature that separated Multiple System Atrophy
Pronounced Autonomic dysfunction.
Describe Cortical Basal Degeneration
both cortical and basal ganglionic dysfunction
cortical sensory loss, apraxia, myoclonus or aphasia
How effective are antiparkinsonian drugs against the akinetic rigid syndromes
not effective but its all we have!!!
What is athetosis
writhing, sinuous movements
What is dystonia
sustained muscle contractions that produce twisting and repetitive movements and abnormal postures
What is Ballism
large amplitude, flinging movement
What is a tic
brief rapid repetitive seemingly purposeless stereotyped action that may involve single or multiple muscle groups
How long to HD patients live after their dx
15 years
what medication is used to treat movement in HD
tetrabenazine
what is the etiology of sydenham’s chorea
mainly in children and adolescents as a complication of previous infection with GROUP A STREP
What is the inheritance of idiopathic Torsion Dystonia
AD or AR or X
when you get it you got it for life
what are some clinical findings with Idiopathic torsion dystonia
Torticollis
Blepharospasm
oromandibular dystonia
how does focal torsion dystonia differ from the idiopathic version
dystonia in a specific area
What are the clinical features of Wilsons Disease
Brady and Hyperkinetic features
- resting or postural tremor
- Choreiform movements
- Rigidity
- Bradykinesia
- Psychosis/Hallucinations
What is the treatment of wilsons disease
penicillamine
What defines Gilles De La Tourettes syndrome
Chronic, Multiple motor and vocal tics with onset before 21
Define briefly each of these words
Coprolalia
Echolalia
Echopraxia
Palilalia
Vulgar speech
Copy Words
Copy movements
Repetition of words or phrases
What is the treatment of tourettes
Clonidine
Haloperidol
Phenothiazines
What is the treatment for essential tremor
B-blocker Primidone Benzo Topiramate brain stimulation
