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DERMA > Approach To Dermatologic Diagnosis > Flashcards

Approach To Dermatologic Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

solid, elevated lesion less than 0.5 cm in size

A

Papule

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2
Q

Example of Papule

A

Lichen Planus

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3
Q

solid plateau-like elevation that occupies a relatively large surface area in comparison with its height above the normal skin level and has a diameter larger than 0.5 cm

A

Plaque

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4
Q

Example of plaque

A

Psoriasis

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5
Q

solid, round or ellipsoidal, palpable lesion that has a
diameter larger than 0.5 cm

A

Nodule

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6
Q

the granulomatous nodular lesion of tertiary syphilis

A

Gumma

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7
Q

an encapsulated cavity or sac lined with a true epithelium that contains fluid or semisolid material

A

Cyst

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8
Q

Its spherical or oval shape results from the tendency of the contents to spread
equally in all directions

A

Cyst

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9
Q

a swelling of the skin that is characteristically evanescent, disappearing within hours.

A

Wheal
Aka. Hives/ urticaria

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10
Q

These lesions, also known as hives or urticaria, are the result of edema produced by the escape of plasma through vessel walls in the upper portion of the dermis.

A

Wheal

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11
Q

How to manage chronic urticaria?

A
  • manage w/o steroids, only anti histamine
  • chronic is 6 weeks
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12
Q

a deeper, edematous reaction that occurs in areas with very loose dermis and subcutaneous tissue such as the lip, eyelid, or scrotum.

A

Angioedema

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13
Q

arises from proliferation of fibrous tissue that replaces previously normal collagen after a wound or ulceration breaches the reticular dermis

A

Scar

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14
Q

Keloid vs. Atrophic scars

A

Keloids exceed the area of initial wounding.

Atrophic scars are thin depressed plaques.

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15
Q

a hair follicle infundibulum that is dilated and plugged by keratin and lipids

A

Comedo

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16
Q

a hyperkeratotic conical mass of cornified cells arising over an abnormally differentiating epidermis

A

Horn

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17
Q

Example of Jorn

A

Verruca vulgaris

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18
Q

deposits of calcium in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue may be appreciated as hard, whitish nodules or plaques, with or without visible alteration of the skin’s surface

A

Calcinosis

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19
Q

is a moist, circumscribed, depressed lesion that results from loss of a portion or all of the viable epidermal or mucosal epithelium.

A

Erosion

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20
Q

Erosion vs. Ulcer

A

Erosion - superficial, not reach dermis

Ulcer - reach dermis

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21
Q

is a defect in which the epidermis and at least the upper (papillary)
dermis have been destroyed

A

Ulcer

22
Q

refers to a diminution in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or part of the body.

A

Atrophy

23
Q

refers to the combination of atrophy, telangiectasia, and varied pigmentary changes (hyper- and hypo-) over an area of skin.

A

Poikiloderma

24
Q

Example of poikiloderma

A

Chronic radiodermatitis

25
Q

a tract connecting deep suppurative cavities to each other or to the surface of the skin

A

Sinus

26
Q

Example of sinus

A

Hidradenitis suppurativa

27
Q

are linear depressions of the skin that usually measure several centimeters in length and result from changes to the reticular collagen that occur with rapid stretching of the skin

A

Striae

28
Q

a wavy, threadlike tunnel through the outer portion
of the epidermis excavated by a parasite

A

Burrow

29
Q

Refers to a circumscribed or diffuse hardening or induration of the skin that results from dermal fibrosis

A

Sclerosis

30
Q

is flat, even with the surface level of surrounding skin, and perceptible only as an area of color different from the surrounding skin or mucous membrane.

A clinical example is lentigo.

A

Macule

31
Q

it is a flat area of skin or mucous membranes with a different color from its surrounding.

It is larger than 0.5 cm, and it may have a fine, very thin scale.

Clinical examples include vitiligo.

A

Patch

32
Q

represents the blanchable pink to red color of skin or mucous membrane that is due to dilatation of arteries and veins in the papillary and reticular dermis.

A clinical example is fixed drug eruption.

A

Erythema

33
Q

a generalized deep redness of the skin involving more
than 90% of the body surface within days to weeks.

A clinical example is
Sézary syndrome.

A

Erythroderma

34
Q

refers to an excessive or thickened stratum corneum, often but not always scaly

A

Hyperkeratosis

35
Q

are hardened deposits that result when serum,
blood, or purulent exudate dries on the surface of the skin.

A

Crusts (encrusted exudates)

36
Q

are surface excavations of epidermis that result from
scratching.

A

Excoriations

37
Q

Repeated rubbing of the skin may induce a reactive
thickening of the epidermis. These changes produce a thickened skin with accentuated markings, which may resemble tree bark.

A

Lichenification

A clinical example is
lichen simplex chronicus.

38
Q

an excessive accumulation of scale (hyperkeratosis) that results in a yellowish thickening of the skin, usually on the palms or soles, that may be inherited (abnormal keratin formation) or acquired (mechanical stimulation).

A

Keratoderma

39
Q

Implies tissue necrosis, infarction, deep burns, gangrene, or other ulcerating process. It is a circumscribed, adherent, hard, black crust on the
surface of the skin that is moist initially, protein rich, and avascular.

A

Eschar

40
Q

A __ is a fluid-filled cavity or elevation smaller than or equal to 0.5 cm, whereas a __ measures larger than 0.5 cm

A

A vesicle is a fluid-filled cavity or elevation smaller than or equal to 0.5 cm, whereas

a bulla (blister) measures larger than 0.5 cm. Bullae
are tense or flaccid weepy blisters.

41
Q

a circumscribed, raised cavity containing pus.

Example: superficial pyoderma

A

Pustule

42
Q

a deep necrotizing folliculitis with suppuration. It presents as an inflamed follicle-centered nodule usually greater than 1 cm with a central necrotic plug and an overlying pustule.

A

Furuncle

Several furuncles may coalesce to form a carbuncle.

43
Q

a localized accumulation of purulent material so deep in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue that the pus is usually not visible on the surface
of the skin.

A

Abscess

44
Q

Extravasation of red blood from cutaneous vessels into skin or mucous
membranes results in reddish-purple lesions.

A

Purpura

45
Q

__ are small, pinpoint purpuric macules.

__ are larger, bruise-like purpuric patches.

A

Petechiae are small, pinpoint purpuric macules.

Ecchymoses are larger, bruise-like purpuric patches.

46
Q

an area of cutaneous necrosis resulting from a bland or inflammatory occlusion of blood vessels in the skin. A clinical example is cholesterol emboli.

A

Infarct

47
Q

Ring-shaped; implies that the edge of the lesion differs from the center, either by being raised, scaly, or differing in color (e.g., granuloma annulare, tinea corporis, erythema annulare centrifugum).

A

Annular

48
Q

Coin-shaped; usually a round to oval lesion with
uniform morphology from the edges to the center (e.g., nummular eczema,
plaque-type psoriasis, discoid lupus).

A

Round/nummular/discoid

49
Q

Formed from coalescing circles, rings, or incomplete rings (e.g., urticaria, subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus).

A

Polycyclic

50
Q

Net-like or lacy in appearance, with somewhat regularly spaced rings or partial rings and sparing of intervening skin (e.g., livedo reticularis, cutis
marmorata).

A

Reticular

DERMA (6 decks)

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