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N360: Socialization II > Appraising the Trustworthiness and Integrity in Qualitative Research > Flashcards

Appraising the Trustworthiness and Integrity in Qualitative Research Flashcards

1
Q

There is an argument on what reagrding qualitative researchers

A

should qualitative researchers return to the terminology of the social sciences

a debate about rigor and validity - should there be validity if there is no way to measure it - is validity absurd?

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2
Q

How is validity important to qualitative and quantitative studies? How does it differ in qualitative research?

A

It is an appropriate quality criterion in both bu qualitative researchers have to use different methods to achieve it since there is no way of measuring traditional validity of their data

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3
Q

What is the generic v specific standard argument

A

Should there be a generic set of quality standards or a specific standard needed for different qualitative traditions

Some frameworks and criteria strive to be generic while others are specific to a tradition

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4
Q

What is the terminology proliferation and confusion problem in qualitative analysis

A

there is no common vocabulary so terminology can be confusing

words like goodness, truth value, integrity, trustworthiness, validity and rigor may all be used in one study or another while other refute these terms

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5
Q

In actuality how is qualitative research usually reacted to be readers

A

usually differently based on who is reading it - like a poem each reader finds different meaning

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6
Q

What is the current cold standard of qualitative quality criteria

A

Lincoln and Guba’s Quality Criteria (However these are still not universally accepted and are just proposals still)

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7
Q

The key goal in Lincoln and Guba’s Quality Criteria is ____

A

trustworthiness

This concerns the “Truth value” of qualitative data, analysis and interpretation

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8
Q

What are the (now) 5 criteria for enhancing trustworthiness of a qualitative inquiry according to Lincoln and Guba

A
  1. Credibility
  2. Dependability
  3. Confirmability
  4. Transferability
  5. Authenticity (New)
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9
Q

Credibility

A

refers to confidence in the truth value of the data and interpretations of them

Qualitative researchers must strive to establish this confidence in the truth of the findings

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10
Q

What is the quantitative analog to Credibility

A

Internal Validity

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11
Q

Credibility involves what 2 aspects

A
  1. Carrying out the study in a way that enhances the believability of the findings
  2. Taking steps to demonstrate credbility to external readers
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12
Q

Despite credibility not being universally accepted…

A

it is used in many quality frameworks

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13
Q

Dependability

A

stability of data over time and over conditions

So: Would the study findings be repeated if the inquiry were repicated wiht the same (or similar) participants in the same (or similar) context?

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14
Q

What is the quantitative analog of Dependability

A

Reliability

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15
Q

____ cannot be attained in the absence of dependability

A

credibility (cant have confidence if you dont have the stability)

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16
Q

Confirmability

A

Refers to the objectivity - the potential for congruence between two or more independent people about the datas accuracy, relevance, or meaning

Establishing that the data represent the information participants provided and that the interpretations of those data are not IMAGINED by the inquirer

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17
Q

What is the quantitative analog of Confirmability

A

Objectivity

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18
Q

What is required for Confirmability to be achieved?

A

The findings must reflect the participants voice and the conditions of the inquiry, not the researchers biases

19
Q

Transferability

A

The extent to which qualitative findings have applicability in other settings or groups

20
Q

What is the quantitative analog of Transferability

A

Generalizability

21
Q

Authenticity

A

Conveys the feeling tone of participants lives as they are living them

Sense of the mood, experience, language, and context of those lives of the participants

22
Q

What is the quantitative analog for Authenticity

A

There is none - there is no mood in quantitative research

23
Q

A text has authenticity when…

A

it invites readers into a vicarious experience of the lives being described and enables readers to develop a heightened sensitivity to the issues being depicted

Like reading a good book- you feel like you are a part of the mood and such in qualitative research

24
Q

What are some quality enhancement strategies during data collection in qualitative research

A

Prolonged Engagement

Persistent Observation

Reflexivity Strategies

Comprehensive and vivid recording of information

Maintenance of an audit trail and decision trail

Member Checking (Controversial)

25
Q

Prolonged Engagement

A

strategy of quality data collection

investing sufficient time to have an indepth understanding of the data

ex: Reasearcher interviews 17 nurses individuall and puts in time for a better understanding

26
Q

Persistent Observation

A

Strategy of quality data collection

intensive focus on salience of data being gathered - so researchers focus on the characteristics or aspects of the situation

ex: Researcher and colleagues spend 400 hours of data collection observing all 3 shifts in a place to see how elderly care was done

27
Q

Reflexivity Strategy

A

strategy of quality data collection

attending to researchers effect on data

Their unique background, values, and professional identity affect data

they will keep a reflection journal to write thoughts and feelings and own up to biases

28
Q

Audit Trail

A

a systematic collection of documentation and materials

29
Q

Decision Trail

A

Specifices decision rules

30
Q

Member Checking

A

a controversial method of quality assurance in qual.

Providing feedback to participants about emerging interpretations and obtaining their reactions

Issue is they may change how they act as a result (ex: Bedside report and pain)

31
Q

Triangulation

A

The use of multiple referents to draw conclusions about what constitutes the truth

32
Q

Data Triangulation

A

the use of multiple data sources for the purpose of validating conclusions

involves Time and Space Triangulation

Denzin

33
Q

Time Triangulation

A

Time

Involves collecting data on the same phenomenon or about the same people at differnet points in time - throughout the day, weeks, couple of years etc

34
Q

Space Triangulation

A

Space

Collecting data on the same phenomenon in multiple sites - ex: Across binghamton, across nursing building, across the globe, etc

35
Q

Method Triangulation

A

the use of multiple methods of data collection to study the same phenomenon

36
Q

Quality Assurance Strategies of Qualitative Research Relating to Coding and Analysis

A

Searching for disconfirming evidence as the analysis proceeds/ Negative Case Analysis

Peer review and debriefing

Inquiry Audit

37
Q

What is involved in Negative Case Analysis

A

searching for cases that appear to discredit earlier hypotheses

Qual. research does NOT start with a hypothesis so we search for disconfirming evidence as the analysis proceeds, through purposive/theoretical sampling of cases that can challenge the interpretations

38
Q

Inquiry Audit

A

a formal scrutiny of the data and relevant supporting documents and decisions by an external reviewer with no involvement in the research

they will ask about researcher biases, errors of facts, or if data gathered accurately describes the phenomenong being studied

These questions will help strengthen the overall project

39
Q

Quality Assurance Strategies related to Presentation of Qualitative Research

A

Thick and Contextualized Description - vivid portrayal of study participants, their context, and the phenomenon under study

Researcher Credibility

40
Q

Researcher Credibility

A

enhancing confidence by sharing relevant aspects of the researcher’s experience, credentials and motivation in qualitative research

ex: 2 researchers looking into neuromusculoskeletal issues worked with children prior to the study and one of them has a kid with the disorder

41
Q

In qualitative presentation, the more ___ the better

A

description

42
Q

Interpretation in qualitative inquiry (Making meaning from the data) relies on what

A

adequate incubation

43
Q

Adequate Incubation

A

the process of living the data

ex: The person should have an AH-HA! moment and you want this moment as well - the AH-HA! moment is what fits everything together and makes sense

44
Q

What are the similar interpretive issues in qualitative research to quantitative research

A

Credibility

Meaning

Importance

Transferability

Implications

N360: Socialization II (13 decks)

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