Applied sports nutrition readings

Question 1

Saris et al 1989

Answer 1

food intake and energy expenditure patterns during the tour de france

daily food records to calculate intake
expenditure estimate from sleeping time and low activity periods and power outputs during cylcing

62% of energy from CHO 
49% of that was consumed in the race 
maininly from drinks 
race intake of 94 g/hour of CHO 
intake of carb rich fluid is appropriate to maintain energy and fluid balance

Question 2

Hulston and Jeukendrup 2009

Answer 2

is there a placebo effect of CHO intake during prolonged exercise

120 min steady state ride followed by 60 min time trial
water vs placebo CHO drink vs CHO drink

greater mean power output and shorter performance time with CHO drink
no diff between water and placebo

Question 3

Carter et al 2004

Answer 3

what is the role of CHO receptors in the mouth, and does rinsing of the mouth during

1 hour time trial performance when rinsing mouth with water of CHO drink

rinsing with CHO significantly improves performance and had a higher average power output

Question 4

Cox et al 2010

Answer 4

does training when consuming CHO drinks increase CHO during exercise

consumed water or 10% CHO drinks during exercise training

increased levels of CHO oxidation if trained with CHO drinks
increased amount of GLUT 4 in membranes
but no performance benefit