Applied Anatomy And Physyology Flashcards
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system
Protection of vital organs
Muscle attachments
Blood cell production
Storage of minerals
Joints for movement
What are the 4 types of bone
Flat
Short
Long
Irregular
What are the 5 sections of the spine
Top - Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacrum
Bottom - Coccyx
What are the the 4 types of joints
Ball + socket
Hinge
Condyloid
Pivot
What ranges of movement are possible at pivot joints
Rotation
What are the ranges of motion possible at a condyloid joint
Flexion/Extension
Abduction/Adduction
What ranges of movement are possible at a hinge joint
Flexion/Extension
Plantar Flexion/ Dorsi Flexion ( ankle )
What ranges of movement are possible at a ball and socket joint
Flexion/Extension
Abduction/Adduction
Circumduction
What is Flexion
Decrease angle at joint ( Bending )
What is Extension
Increase angle at joint ( straightening )
What is Abduction
Movement away from the middle of the body
What is Adduction
Movement toward the middle of the body
What is Plantar Flexion
Pointing toes
What is Dorsi Flexion
Pulling toes towards shin
What is Rotation
Movement around a point
What is Circumduction
Movement in a circle
What is an example of a hinge joint
Elbow, knee, ankle
What is an example of a ball and socket joint
Shoulder, hip
What is an example of a pivot joint
Neck
What is an example of a condyloid joint
Wrist
What are the 3 types of muscles
Cardiac
Involuntary
Voluntary
Where are cardiac muscles found
Heart
Where are involuntarily muscles found
Organ/Blood vessel walls
Are voluntary muscles under or not under our control
Under our control
Are Involuntary muscles under or not under our control
Not under our control
What are the 3 types of muscle fibres
Type I (1)
Type IIa
Type IIx/b
What type of twitch are type I muscles
Slow twitch
What twitch are type II muscles
Fast twitch
Are type I muscle fibres aerobic or anaerobic
Aerobic exercise
Are type II muscle fibres aerobic or anaerobic
Anaerobic exercise
What is more powerful/Explosive type IIa muscle fibres or type IIx muscle fibres
Type IIx muscle fibres
What do tendons connect
Muscle and bone
What do ligaments connect
Bone to bone
What is vascular shunting
Redirection of blood from inactive to active areas
What is vasoconstriction
Narrowing of the lumen within
blood vessels supplying
oxygenated blood to inactive
areas
What is Vasodilation
Widening of the lumen within
blood vessels supplying
oxygenated blood to active
areas
