Applied Anatomy And Physiology

Question 1

Name the four chambers of the heart

Answer 1

Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

Question 2

Which chambers are larger and why?

Answer 2

The ventricles are larger and have thicker muscular walls as they have to push blood out to the rest of the body. Whereas the atria only have to push blood down into the ventricles, which requires less force.

Question 3

Which side of the heart is larger and why?

Answer 3

The left side is larger because it needs to pump blood around the whole body. The right side only needs to pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs, which are closer to the heart.

Question 4

Name the four main blood vessels that enter and leave the heart.

Answer 4

Pulmonary vein, pulmonary artery, vena cava, aorta

Question 5

What are the names of the valves in the heart and where are they located?

Answer 5

Bicuspid valve- between left atrium and left ventricle
Tricuspid valve- between right atrium and right ventricle
Semi lunar valves- between pulmonary artery and aorta and between the right and left ventricles

Question 6

What is the main function of the valves?

Answer 6

They regulate blood flow by ensuring it only flows in one direction. They open to allow blood to pass through, then shut to prevent backflow.

Question 7

What are the stages of the cardiac conduction system?

Answer 7

SAN, atrial systole, AVN, bundle of his, bundle branches, purkinje fibres, ventricular systole