Applied anatomy and physiology

Question 1

Support

Answer 1

Bones keep us upright and hold muscles and organs in place.

Question 2

Protection

Answer 2

Some bones surround and protect vital organs from damage.

Question 3

Long bones

Answer 3

The bones of the legs and arms. Long bones support the weight of the body and help with gross movements.

Question 4

Movement

Answer 4

Muscles contract to pull the bones of the skeleton.

Question 5

Joint

Answer 5

The place where two or more bones meet.

Question 6

Synovial Joint

Answer 6

Type of joint commonly found in the limbs; contains a synovial membrane that produces synovial fluid.

Question 7

Cartilage

Answer 7

Covers ends of bones providing a smooth, friction-free surface.

Question 8

Synovial fluid

Answer 8

Produced by the synovial membrane to lubricate the joint.

Question 9

Capsule

Answer 9

Tough fibrous tissue which surrounds synovial joints; usually supported by ligaments.

Question 10

Ligaments

Answer 10

Joins bone to bone

Question 11

Dislocation

Answer 11

When the bones of a joint separate from their normal position.

Question 12

Bursae

Answer 12

Fluid-filled bag that helps reduce friction in a joint.

Question 13

Tendon

Answer 13

Attaches muscles to bones.

Question 14

Hinge joint

Answer 14

Joint that allows flexion and extension.

Question 15

Flexion

Answer 15

Movement where angle between bones reduces.

Question 16

Extension

Answer 16

Movement where angle between bones increases.

Question 17

Vertebrae

Answer 17

Bones that form the spine or backbone.

Question 18

Ball and socket joint

Answer 18

Joint that allows many movements - flexion and extension; abduction and adduction; and rotation.

Question 19

Range of movement

Answer 19

A measure of the flexibility of a joint in terms of the different movements allowed.

Question 20

Abduction

Answer 20

Movement where limbs are moved away form the body.

Question 21

Adduction

Answer 21

Movement where limbs are moved back towards the body.

Question 22

Rotation

Answer 22

Turning a limb along its long axis.

Question 23

Meniscus

Answer 23

Cartilage acting as a shock absorber between the tibia and femur in the knee joint.

Question 24

Cruciate ligaments

Answer 24

Attach tibia to femur in the knee joint.

Question 25

Plantar flexion

Answer 25

Movement at ankle where the the toes are pointed towards the ground.

Question 26

Dorsiflexion

Answer 26

Movement at ankle where the toes are pulled up towards the knee.