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Cell Bio I > Applications of tissue processing > Flashcards

Applications of tissue processing Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Chemical used for fixation

A

Formalin glutaraldehyde

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2
Q

Chemical used for dehydration

A

Ethanol (50% - 100%)

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3
Q

Chemical used for clearing

A

Xylene

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4
Q

Chemical used for embedding

A

Paraffin wax

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5
Q

Acid dyes have what net charge?

A

Negative

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6
Q

Basic dyes have what net charge?

A

Positive

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7
Q

Acidophilic tissues have what net charge?

A

Positive

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8
Q

Basophilic tissues have what net charge?

A

Negative

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9
Q

What is metachromasia?

A

A given stain imparts different colors to the tissue (e.g. mast cells stained with toluidine blue)

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10
Q

What is the structure affinity for Hematoxylin?

A

1) RNA
2) DNA
3) Ribosomes
4) rER

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11
Q

What is the structure affinity for Eosin?

A

1) Secretory vesicles
2) sER
3) Lysosomes
4) Mitochondria
5) Type I collagen

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12
Q

What stain(s) could you use for RNA?

A

Hematoxylin

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13
Q

What stain(s) could you use for DNA?

A

Hematoxylin (blue), Feulgen reaction (magenta)

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14
Q

What stain(s) could you use for rER?

A

Hematoxylin

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15
Q

What stain(s) could you use for secretory vesicles?

A

Eosin

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16
Q

What stain(s) could you use for sER?

A

Eosin

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17
Q

What stain(s) could you use for lysosomes?

A

Eosin

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18
Q

What stain(s) could you use for mitochondria?

A

Eosin (pink), iron hematoxylin (dark blue to black)

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19
Q

What stain(s) could you use for Type I collagen?

A

Eosin

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20
Q

What is the structure affinity for Feulgen Reaction?

A

DNA

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21
Q

What is the structure affinity for Mallory Triple?

A

1) Nuclei (red)
2) Muscle (red to orange)
3) Collagen (blue)
4) Hyaline cartilage (blue)

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22
Q

What stain(s) could you use for nuclei?

A

Mallory triple

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23
Q

What stain(s) could you use for muscle?

A

Mallory triple

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24
Q

What stain(s) could you use for collagen?

A

Mallory triple, Eosin (type I)

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25
Q

What stain(s) could you use for hyaline cartilage?

A

Mallory triple

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26
Q

What is the structure affinity for PAS Reaction?

A

Carbohydrates (magenta)

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27
Q

What stain(s) could you use for carbohydrates?

A

PAS reaction

28
Q

What is the structure affinity for Osmic Acid?

A

Lipids (black)

29
Q

What stain(s) could you use for lipids?

A

Osmic acid

30
Q

What is the structure affinity for Verhoeff?

A

Elastic fibers (black)

31
Q

What stain(s) could you use for elastic fibers?

A

Verhoeff

32
Q

What is the structure affinity for Silver Methods?

A

Intermediate filaments of:

1) Nerve cells (black)
2) Glial cells (black)
3) Reticular fibers (black)

33
Q

What stain(s) could you use for intermediate filaments of nerve cells?

A

Silver Methods

34
Q

What stain(s) could you use for intermediate filaments of glial cells?

A

Silver Methods

35
Q

What stain(s) could you use for intermediate filaments of reticular fibers?

A

Silver Methods

36
Q

What is the structure affinity for Trypan Blue?

A

Macrophages (blue)

37
Q

What stain(s) could you use for macrophages?

A

Trypan Blue

38
Q

What is the structure affinity for Prussian Blue?

A

Hemosiderin, ferric iron (blue)

39
Q

What stain(s) could you use for hemosiderin?

A

Prussian Blue

40
Q

What stain(s) could you use for ferric iron?

A

Prussian Blue

41
Q

What is the structure affinity for Nissl?

A

Ribosomes (blue)

42
Q

What stain(s) could you use for ribosomes?

A

Hematoxylin (blue), Nissl (blue)

43
Q

What is the structure affinity for iron hematoxylin?

A

1) Nuclear elements (dark blue to black)
2) Chromosomes (dark blue to black)
3) Mitochondria (dark blue to black)
4) Centrioles (dark blue to black)
5) Muscle striation (dark blue to black)

44
Q

What stain(s) could you use for nuclear elements?

A

Hematoxylin (blue), iron hematoxylin (dark blue to black), Feulgen Reaction (magenta), Mallory Triple (red)

45
Q

What stain(s) could you use for chromosomes?

A

Iron hematoxylin

46
Q

What stain(s) could you use for mitochondria?

A

Eosin (pink), iron hematoxylin (dark blue to black)

47
Q

What stain(s) could you use for centrioles?

A

Iron hematoxylin (dark blue to black)

48
Q

What stain(s) could you use for muscle striation?

A

Iron hematoxylin (dark blue to black)

49
Q

What stain is used for coagulative necrosis?

A

H & E

50
Q

What stain is used for thickened basement membranes in kidney disease?

A

PAS Reaction

51
Q

What stain is used for glycogen storage disorders?

A

PAS Reaction

52
Q

What stain is used for alpha 1 - antitrypsin deficiency in liver cells?

A

PAS Reaction

53
Q

What stain is used for fibrosis?

A

Mallory Triple

54
Q

What stain is used to detect nuclear changes in cancer?

A

Feulgen Reaction

55
Q

What stain is used to detect excessive iron accumulation in hematochromatosis?

A

Prussin Blue

56
Q

What stain is used to detect extracellular deposits of amyloid?

A

Congo Red

57
Q

What stain is used to detect elastic fibers in Marfan Syndrome?

A

Verhoeff

58
Q

Which is more sensitive - direct or indirect IHC?

A

Indirect (more antibodies)

59
Q

What are four clinical utilities of IHC?

A

1) Categorization of tumor origin and aggressiveness
2) Estrogen receptors in breast cancer
3) HER2 / Neu in breast cancers and adenocarcinomas
4) Carcinoembryonic antigen in breast and intestinal cancers

60
Q

What does FISH detect / identify?

A

A nucleic acid sequence of interest

61
Q

What does FISH use to identify a nucleic acid sequence of interest?

A

Complementary nucleic acid probes

62
Q

What method would be used to detect a cell infected with a virus (e.g. HPV2)?

A

FISH

63
Q

What method would be used to detect specific genes on a chromosome (e.g. BRCA1 / BRCA2)?

A

FISH

64
Q

What method would be used to detect amplification of genes (e.g. myc, HER2 / Neu)?

A

FISH

65
Q

What are three clinical utilities of FISH?

A

1) Detect cells infected with a virus
2) Detect specific genes on a chromosome
3) Detect amplification of genes

66
Q

What disease is characterized by teenage blindness and hairy palms?

A

Kevin Ehlers Disease

Cell Bio I (11 decks)

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