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ICT > Applications of ICT > Flashcards

Applications of ICT Flashcards

1
Q

Applications of ICT:
Control Systems

What are the advantages of control systems?(5)

A
  • Can operate 24/7
  • No need to pay employees
  • Can easily reprogram the devices to perform a different task
  • More accurate than humans
  • Can react quicker than humans to environmental changes
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2
Q

Applications of ICT:
Virtual Reality

What is virtual reality?

A

When computers are used to create an artificial environment that users can interact with as if it was real

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3
Q

Applications of ICT:

What is this?
• An ICT system that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to make decisions
• A good expert system will match the knowledge and expertise of a human expert in the same field

A

an expert system

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4
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

What is this?

  • Measurements can be taken continuously
  • Measurements are accurate
  • Doesn’t require human presence
  • Can raise an alarm for extreme data points
  • Graphs can be produced automatically from the data
  • Can work in environments humans usually couldn’t
A

the advantages of measuring systems

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5
Q

Applications of ICT:
Control Systems
What are these?

  1. Household appliances, e.g. washing machine
  2. Central heating system
  3. Chemical process control
  4. Greenhouse environment control
A

4 areas where control systems are used

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6
Q

Applications of ICT:
Expert Systems

What is this?

  • Lack of common sense, human experts can make judgements based on life experience
  • Cannot read body language
  • System is entirely dependent on the rules being correct
A

three disadvantages of expert systems.

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7
Q

Applications of ICT:
Virtual Reality
Describe three uses of virtual reality other than gaming.

A
  1. Allowing architects to walk around their design to get a better idea of what they are doing
  2. Training soldiers in combat
  3. Training surgeons on virtual patients
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8
Q

Applications of ICT:
Control Systems

Name 4 areas where control systems are used

A
  1. Household appliances, e.g. washing machine
  2. Central heating system
  3. Chemical process control
  4. Greenhouse environment control
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9
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

What are these?

  1. Temperature - Central heating system
  2. Light - Light levels in a greenhouse
  3. Infrared - Detecting an intruder
  4. Pressure - Counting vehicles in/out of a carpark
  5. Motion - Detecting movement in a virtual reality system
  6. Sound - Detecting sounds in a burglar alarm system
A

6 types of sensor and a use for each sensor

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10
Q

Applications of ICT:
Expert Systems

Give three examples of uses of expert systems.

A
  1. Medical diagnosis
  2. Chess games
  3. Providing tax advice
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11
Q

Applications of ICT:
Virtual Reality

What is this?

  1. Allowing architects to walk around their design to get a better idea of what they are doing
  2. Training soldiers in combat
  3. Training surgeons on virtual patients
A

three uses of virtual reality other than gaming.

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12
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

What are these?

  • Equipment is expensive to acquire and set up
  • It can be difficult and expensive to fix a fault
  • Computers may not be able to respond to unusual circumstances
A

the disadvantages of measuring systems

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13
Q

Applications of ICT:
Control Systems

What are these?

  • Initial cost is very high
  • Equipment may malfunction, expensive to repair
  • Fewer people needed, so could lead to unemployment
A

`the disadvantages of control systems

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14
Q

Applications of ICT:
Expert Systems

Describe three disadvantages of expert systems.

A
  • Lack of common sense, human experts can make judgements based on life experience
  • Cannot read body language
  • System is entirely dependent on the rules being correct
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15
Q

Applications of ICT:
Virtual Reality

What is this?

  • Eye goggles - these produce the 3D images that make up the artificial world, slightly different views are projected into each eye to make it look 3D
  • Special gloves - they detect your hand and finger movements which are input into a computer to be processed
  • Headphones - these control what users hear, and can change the location and volume of sound to project where they are coming from
  • Powerful computer - a very powerful computer is needed to create the virtual environment and to process/output the necessary data
A

the equipment needed for virtual reality

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16
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

What is this?

  1. Weather stations to gather weather data from the environment
  2. Measuring vital signs in a hospital
  3. Measuring pollution in rivers
A

3 uses of measuring systems

17
Q

Applications of ICT:
Virtual Reality

What is this?

  1. Improved medical surgeons - they can be trained using virtual patients, allowing lots of practice without real risk
  2. Larger and stronger buildings - allows architects to walk around their design and check for potential errors, and also allowing virtual buildings to be tested against natural disasters
  3. Training in dangerous situations - can be used when it is impossible to practice in the real thing
  4. More realistic education - can allow students to learn in a much more interactive way, allowing them to retain more knowledge
A

four examples of useful applications of virtual reality.

18
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

What is an ADC?

A

an analogue to digital converter (ADC)

19
Q

Applications of ICT:
Control Systems

What are these?

  • Can operate 24/7
  • No need to pay employees
  • Can easily reprogram the devices to perform a different task
  • More accurate than humans
  • Can react quicker than humans to environmental changes
A

the advantages of control systems

20
Q

Applications of ICT:
Expert Systems

Describe the three components of an expert system.

A
  1. The user interface - this allows the user to communicate with the expert system
  2. A knowledge base - this is the information about the area of expertise, it contains facts and rules to be able to make decisions like a human
  3. Interface engine - uses the knowledge base to make decisions and come to a conclusion using the user provided information
21
Q

Applications of ICT:
Virtual Reality

Describe four examples of useful applications of virtual reality.

A
  1. Improved medical surgeons - they can be trained using virtual patients, allowing lots of practice without real risk
  2. Larger and stronger buildings - allows architects to walk around their design and check for potential errors, and also allowing virtual buildings to be tested against natural disasters
  3. Training in dangerous situations - can be used when it is impossible to practice in the real thing
  4. More realistic education - can allow students to learn in a much more interactive way, allowing them to retain more knowledge
22
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

What are the advantages of measuring systems? (7)

A
  • Measurements can be taken continuously
  • Measurements are accurate
  • Doesn’t require human presence
  • Can raise an alarm for extreme data points
  • Graphs can be produced automatically from the data
  • Can work in environments humans usually couldn’t
23
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

What are the disadvantages of measuring systems? (3)

A
  • Equipment is expensive to acquire and set up
  • It can be difficult and expensive to fix a fault
  • Computers may not be able to respond to unusual circumstances
24
Q

Applications of ICT:
Expert Systems

What is this?

  • Fewer mistakes than human experts
  • Faster to train than human experts
  • Cheaper to use than employing a human expert
  • More expertise than a single expert
A

three advantages of expert systems.

25
Q

Applications of ICT:
Expert Systems

What is an expert system?

A
  • An ICT system that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to make decisions
  • A good expert system will match the knowledge and expertise of a human expert in the same field
26
Q

Applications of ICT:
Virtual Reality

Describe the equipment needed for virtual reality. (4)

A
  • Eye goggles - these produce the 3D images that make up the artificial world, slightly different views are projected into each eye to make it look 3D
  • Special gloves - they detect your hand and finger movements which are input into a computer to be processed
  • Headphones - these control what users hear, and can change the location and volume of sound to project where they are coming from
  • Powerful computer - a very powerful computer is needed to create the virtual environment and to process/output the necessary data
27
Q

Applications of ICT:

What is this?

  1. The user interface - this allows the user to communicate with the expert system
  2. A knowledge base - this is the information about the area of expertise, it contains facts and rules to be able to make decisions like a human
  3. Interface engine - uses the knowledge base to make decisions and come to a conclusion using the user provided information
A

three components of an expert system.

28
Q

Applications of ICT:
Control Systems

What are the disadvantages of control systems? (3)

A
  • Initial cost is very high
  • Equipment may malfunction, expensive to repair
  • Fewer people needed, so could lead to unemployment
29
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

What is this?
• it converts analogue measurement from a sensor to a digital one that the computer can understand

A

the purpose of an analogue to digital converter (ADC)

30
Q

Applications of ICT:

What is this?

• When computers are used to create an artificial environment that users can interact with as if it was real

A

virtual reality

31
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

Explain the purpose of an analogue to digital converter (ADC)

A

• ADCs convert analogue measurement from a sensor to a digital one that the computer can understand

32
Q

Applications of ICT:

What is this?

  1. Medical diagnosis
  2. Chess games
  3. Providing tax advice
A

three examples of uses of expert systems.

33
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

Describe 3 uses of measuring systems

A
  1. Weather stations to gather weather data from the environment
  2. Measuring vital signs in a hospital
  3. Measuring pollution in rivers
34
Q

Applications of ICT:
Expert Systems

Describe three advantages of expert systems.

A
  • Fewer mistakes than human experts
  • Faster to train than human experts
  • Cheaper to use than employing a human expert
  • More expertise than a single expert
35
Q

Applications of ICT:
Measuring systems

List 6 types of sensor and describe a use for each sensor

A
  1. Temperature - Central heating system
  2. Light - Light levels in a greenhouse
  3. Infrared - Detecting an intruder
  4. Pressure - Counting vehicles in/out of a carpark
  5. Motion - Detecting movement in a virtual reality system
  6. Sound - Detecting sounds in a burglar alarm system

ICT (9 decks)

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