Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

yr 2 science > application of forces and transfer of energy > Flashcards

application of forces and transfer of energy Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is a force

A

a pull or a push that acts upon an object as a result of its interaction with a another object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

types of forces

A
  • contact forces
  • non-contact forces
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

types of contact forces

A
  • friction
  • elastic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

types of non-contact forces

A
  • magnetic
  • gravitational
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is weight

A

weight is the measure of the gravitational force acting on a object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is mass

A

the amount of matter in an object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how does your weight change

A

when you enter a place with a different gravitational pull/force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how does your mass change

A

it doesn’t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

SI unit for weight

A

newton (N)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

SI unit for mass

A

Kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what can be used to measure weight

A

spring balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what can be used to measure mass

A
  • electronic balance
  • beam balance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the effects of force

A
  • move a stationary object
  • change the speed of an abject
  • change the direction in which an object moves
  • stop a moving object
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the properties of a balanced force

A
  • net force acting on the object equals zero
  • either remains at rest
  • or moves with constant speed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is a unbalanced force

A
  • net force acting on object does not equal zero
  • either changes its speed
  • or changes direction of motion
  • or both
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how to calculate resultant force

A
  1. resultant force - magnitude(amount of force) + direction
  2. are forces balanced
  3. motion of box
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

calculating mass and weight

A

W=m x g
W=weight
m=mass, in kg
g= gravitational force, in 10n/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is required in a force

A
  • energy
  • matter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the pivot in a turning object

A

the object that is the point at which the force goes around

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the force in a turning object

A

object turning the pivot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what affects pressure

A

surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how to calculate pressure

A

pressure=force (weight) /area

20
Q

what is pressure

A

effect of force acting on an object

21
Q

what is the unit for pressure

A

n/m2
pascal (Pa)

22
Q

what is pressure defined as

A

the force executed per unit area

22
Q

will there be more pressure applied on a smaller area of contact or a larger area of contact

A
  • smaller area of contact
  • more pressure is applied
23
Q

why do we need to draw arrows in a free body diagram

A
  • to show the direction of the force
  • force always has a direction
23
Q

what are the 2 necessary arrows in free body diagram

A
  • gravitational force (arrow downwards)
  • normal contact force (arrow upwards
23
Q

calculate work

A

work (J)= force (N) x distance moved in direction of force (m)

23
Q

cases when zero work is done

A
  • object doesn’t move when force is applied
  • object moves at constant speed when no force is applied
  • distance moved by the object is perpendicular to the direction of an applied force
23
Q

forms of energy

A
  • fossil fuels
  • solar energy
  • hydroelectric energy
  • wind energy
  • geothermal energy
  • biofuels
  • nuclear energy
24
Q

what are fossil fuels

A
  • oil, coal, natural gas
  • formed from the remains of dead plants and animals buried in Earth millions of years ago. Hence, they are limited and will run out one day.
25
Q

what is the Impact on the environment fossil fuels have

A

releases air pollutants and greenhouse gases (which contribute to global warming and increases the rate of climate change) , can cause natural disasters to be more intense.

26
Q

what is the energy conversion in fossil fuels

A

chemical potential energy (fossil fuels) → heat energy → kinetic energy (turbine) → electrical energy (generator)

27
Q

what is solar energy

A
  • energy from the sun
  • We can use solar panels to harness solar energy from the sun, they are made of materials that capture sunlight and convert light energy into electrical energy.
28
Q

what is the Impact on the environment solar energy has

A
  • Solar energy can generate electricity without releasing air pollutants and greenhouse gases, the process of harnessing solar energy has minimal impact on the environment.
  • However, care needs to be taken to reduce the amount of toxic waste generated during the production and disposal of solar panels.
29
Q

what is the energy conversion in solar energy

A

light energy (the sun) → electrical energy (solar cell)

30
Q

what is hydroelectric energy

A

the electrical energy generated by turbines when moving water power them

31
Q

what is the energy conversion in hydroelectric energy

A

gravitational potential energy (water stored behind a dam) → kinetic energy (water) → kinetic energy (turbine) → electrical energy (generator)

32
Q

what is the impact on the environment hydroelectric energy has

A

generating hydroelectric energy produces very little greenhouse gases. However, the reservoir water floods the area behind a dam, this kills plants and forces animals to move to other areas.

33
Q

what is wind energy

A
  • energy from the wind
  • Wind turbines are used to convert the energy from the wind to electrical energy.
34
Q

what is geothermal energy

A

the use of heat deep inside the earth, producing starting team to turn turbines, hence generating electricity

34
Q

what is the impact on the environment wind energy has

A
  • large plots of land needs to be cleared to build the wind turbines, this destroys the natural habitats of wildlife. Birds also might be killed due to flying into the blades.
  • Noise pollution from the turning blades will impact nearby communities.
35
Q

what is the energy conversion in wind energy

A

kinetic energy (wind) → kinetic energy (wind turbine) → electrical energy (generator)

36
Q

what is the impact on the environment geothermal energy has

A

requires a lot of clearing of land

37
Q

what is the energy conversion in geothermal energy

A

heat energy → kinetic energy(of steam) → kinetic energy (of turbines) → electric energy (of turbines)

38
Q

what is biofuels

A
  • Biofuels are fuels that are produced over a short period from biomass.
  • They can be produced from plants or biowaste or recycling of food waste (e.g. used cooking oil and plant pulp)
39
Q

what is the impact on the environment biofuels have

A
  • Like fossil fuels, when biofuels are burnt, they release air pollutants such as carbon dioxide.
  • These air pollutants that are released are bad for the environment.
40
Q

what is the energy conversion in biofuels

A

Chemical potential energy of biofuels→ heat energy when burned → kinetic energy in cars

41
Q

what is nuclear energy

A
  • Nuclear energy is the energy harnessed from the nucleus of an atom
  • Nuclear energy originates from the splitting of an isotope of uranium, yielding a lot of nuclear energy
42
Q

what is the impact on the environment nuclear energy has

A
  • nuclear energy is a source of clean energy and requires less land space to generate the same amount of energy compared to other alternative sources of energy
  • Nuclear energy produces radioactive waste (hazardous waste that contains radioactive material) which can contaminate air, soil, and water is dangerous to human and wildlife health
  • Uranium is also a non-renewable resource, and cannot be replenished easily
43
Q

what is the energy conversion in nuclear energy

A

Nuclear energy → heat energy → kinetic energy → electrical energy

44
Q

what is temperature

A

measurement of the movement of kinetic energy between particles in an object. The higher the rate, the higher the temperature

45
Q

what is heat

A

a form of energy

yr 2 science (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions