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Question 1

Spiraling toward

Answer 1

مارپيچ به سمت، بسمت اوضاع از كنترل خارج شده، در حال چرخش به سمت

country spiraling toward civil war or headed for an inevitable Taliban takeover,
ناچارا بسمت مسئوليت طالبان

Question 2

hurdles

Answer 2

مانع

hurdles were to be expected and did not undermine the case for withdrawal.
پرونده عقب نشيني را تضعيف يا خدشه دار نكرد.

Question 3

Pledge

Answer 3

سوگند، تعهد

a solemn promise or undertaking
Ex. the conference ended with a joint pledge to limit pollution.

a thing that is given as security for the fulfillment of a contract or the payment of a debt and is liable to forfeiture in the event of failure.
Ex. he had given the object as a pledge to a creditor
(Creditor:
a person or company to whom money is owed.)

commit (a person or organization) by a solemn promise.

give as security on a loan.

Question 4

Hinder

Answer 4

مانع شدن.

Biden’s remarks at the White House came as the rapid disintegration of security in Afghanistan, and sweeping gains by the Taliban, threatened to hinder the president’s desire to make a clean break with a two-decade war that has cost trillions of dollars and killed about 2,400 U.S. service members.

Question 5

Rational for

Answer 5

منطقي براي

such problems has for too long been a rationale for extending an engagement that was killing Americans but doing little to advance U.S. interests

Question 6

Sweep across

Answer 6

در بر گرفتن، محاصره كردن

Taliban fighters have swept across much of the country, encircling provincial capitals and in some cases cutting deals with Afghan troops who have laid down their arms.

Question 7

Evoke

Answer 7

برانگيختن،

bring or recall to the conscious mind.
Ex. the sight of American asters evokes pleasant memories of childhood

Ex. Afghanistan evokes more emotion from Biden than almost any other subject,

invoke (a spirit or deity).
Ex. Akasha is evoked in India when a house is being built to ensure its completion