Appendicular Skeleton Muscles - Upper Body Flashcards
Rhomboids (Major and Minor)
Action: Pulls scapula medially;
Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T3;
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Pectoralis Major
Action: Flexes and adducts arm;
Origin: Clavicle, sternum, ribs 1-6;
Insertion: Intertubercle sulcus of humerus
Pectoralis Minor
Action: Draws scapula forward;
Origin: Anterior surface of ribs 3-5;
Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
Deltoid
Action: Abduct humerus;
Origin: Clavicle, acromion process and spine of scapula; Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity
Teres Major
Action: Extend, rotate, adduct humerus;
Origin: Posterior and inferior angle of scapula;
Insertion: Intertubercle sulcus of humerus
Teres Minor
Action: Rotate humerus;
Origin: Lateral margin of scapula;
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Supraspinatus
Action: Abduct humerus;
Origin: Supraspinous fossa;
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Infraspinatus
Action: Rotate humerus;
Origin: infraspinous fossa;
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Subscapularis
Action: Rotate humerus;
Origin: Subscapular fossa;
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
Trapezius
Action: Extends head, moves scapula;
Origin: Occiput, spinous process C7-T12;
Insertion: Scapular spine and acromion process, lateral clavicle
Latissimus Dorsi
Action: Extend, abduct and rotate arm;
Origin: Spinous process T6-L5;
Insertion: Intertubercle sulcus of humerus
Triceps Brachii
Action: Forearm extension;
Origin: Glenoid cavity, radial groove of humerus; Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna
Biceps Brachii
Action: Flexion of elbow and supination of forearm;
Origin: Coracoid process, glenoid cavity, intertubercle sulcus;
Insertion: Radial tuberosity
Brachioradialis
Action: Synergist of elbow flexion;
Origin: Distal humerus;
Insertion: Styloid process of radius
Brachialis
Action: Flexor of elbow;
Origin: Distal anterior humerus;
Insertion: Coronoid process
Coracobrachialis
Action: Adduction and flexion at shoulder;
Origin: Coracoid process;
Insertion: Shaft of humerus
Pronator Teres
Action: Pronation of forearm;
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna;
Insertion: Radius
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Action: Flexor of wrist;
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus;
Insertion: Base of metacarpals 2 and 3
Palmaris Longus
Action: Flexor of wrist;
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus;
Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Action: Flexion and adduction of wrist;
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon of ulna;
Insertion: Pisiform, hamate, and 5th metacarpal
Extensor Carpi Radialis, Brevis and Longus
Action: Extend and abduct wrist;
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus;
Insertion: Base of metacarpals 2 and 3
Extensor Digitorum
Action: Finger extension;
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus;
Insertion: Distal phalanges 2-5
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Action: Extend and adduct wrist;
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus;
Insertion: Base of metacarpal 5
