Appendicular Skeleton Muscles - Lower Body Flashcards
Sartorius
Action: Flex knee, abduct and laterally rotate thigh;
Origin: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
Insertion: Proximal tibia
Iliacus
Action: Flexion at hip;
Origin: Iliac fossa;
Insertion: Just inferior to lesser trochanter of femur
Psoas Major
Action: Flexion at hip or lumbar intervertebrals;
Origin: Transverse process of T12-L5;
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur
Adductor Magnus, Adductor Longus, and Adductor Brevis
Action: Adduct, medially rotate, and flex thigh;
Origin: Ischium, pubis;
Insertion: Linea aspera, adductor tubercle
Gracilis
Action: Adduct thigh, medially rotate and flex knee;
Origin: Inferior ramus and pubis;
Insertion: Medial tibia
Quadriceps Femoris: Rectus Femoris
Action: Extend knee, flex thigh at hip;
Origin: Iliac spine and acetabulum;
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity and patella
Quadriceps Femoris: Vastus Lateralis
Action: Extend knee;
Origin: Greater trochanter of femur and linea aspera;
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity and patella
Quadriceps Femoris: Vastus Medialis
Action: Extend knee;
Origin: Linea aspera;
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity and patella
Quadriceps Femoris: Vastus Intermedius
Action: Extend knee;
Origin: Lateral femur;
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity and patella
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Action: Flex, abduct and medially rotate thigh;
Origin: Iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Insertion: Fascia latae iliotibial tract (IT band)
Gluteus Maximus
Action: Thigh extensor;
Origin: Ilium, sacrum, coccyx;
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur
Gluteus Medius
Action: Abduct and medially rotate thigh;
Origin: Upper surface of ilium;
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Gluteus Minimus
Action: Abduct and medially rotate thigh;
Origin: Inferior surface of ilium;
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Piriformis
Action: Lateral rotation and abduction of hip;
Origin: Sacrum;
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Hamstrings: Biceps Femoris
Action: Extend thigh, flex knee, rotate leg;
Origin: Linea aspera, ischial tuberosity;
Insertion: Fibula and tibia
Hamstrings: Semitendinosus
Action: Extend thigh, flex knee, rotate leg;
Origin: Ischial tuberosity;
Insertion: Medial upper tibia
Hamstrings: Semimembranosus
Action: Extend thigh, flex knee, rotate leg;
Origin: Ischial tuberosity;
Insertion: Tibia and femur
Fibularis (peroneus) Longus
Action: Plantar flexion;
Origin: Proximal fibula;
Insertion: Metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform
Fibularis (peroneus) Brevis
Action: Plantar flexion;
Origin: Distal fibula;
Insertion: Metatarsal 5
Tibialis Anterior
Action: Dorsiflexion and inversion;
Origin: Lateral Condyle Tibia and interosseous membrane;
Insertion: Cuneiform and metatarsal 1
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Action: Toe extension, dorsiflexion;
Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia and proximal fibula;
Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5
Gastrocnemius
Action: Plantar flexion;
Origin: Medial and lateral condyle of femur;
Insertion: Calcaneus
Soleus
Action: Plantar Flexion;
Origin: Proximal tibia and fibula;
Insertion: Calcaneus
Tibialis Posterior
Action: Inversion, plantar flexion;
Origin: Superior tibia and fibula;
Insertion: Tarsals and metatarsals 2-4
