Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

What bones compose the thoracic limb?

A

Clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpal bones, metacarpals, and phalanges.

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2
Q

What bones compose the pelvic limb?

A

Pelvic girdle, femur, tibia, fibula, tarsal bones, metatarsals, and phalanges.

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3
Q

What are the regions of the pelvic limb?

A

Pelvic region, thigh, crus (leg), and pes (hind paw).

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4
Q

What is unique about the clavicle in dogs?

A

It is reduced to a clavicular remnant and may ossify in the brachiocephalicus muscle.

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5
Q

What are the main parts of the scapula?

A

Spine, supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, and subscapular fossa.

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6
Q

What is the primary function of the scapula?

A

Muscle attachment for the forelimb to the body.

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7
Q

What are the parts of a phalanx in the digits?

A

Base, body, and head.

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7
Q

What bones make up the antebrachium (forearm)?

A

Radius and ulna.

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7
Q

What is the largest carpal bone in the proximal row?

A

Intermedioradial carpal bone.

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8
Q

How are the metacarpal bones numbered and differentiated?

A

Numbered I-V, with metacarpal I being shorter and non-weight bearing.

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9
Q

What bones compose the pelvic limb?

A

Pelvic girdle, femur, tibia, fibula, tarsal bones, metatarsals, and phalanges.

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10
Q

What bones form the pelvic girdle?

A

Ilium, ischium, pubis, and acetabular bone.

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11
Q

What is the largest and strongest bone in the body?

A

The femur.

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12
Q

What is the main weight-bearing bone of the crus?

A

Tibia.

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13
Q

What bone lies lateral to the tibia and provides attachment for muscles?

A

Fibula.

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14
Q

How many tarsal bones are in the dog, and how are they arranged?

A

Seven tarsal bones, arranged in two rows (proximal and distal).

15
Q

What is the “heel bone” in dogs?

A

Calcaneus.

16
Q

How many digits are typically found in the hind paw of a dog?

A

Four or five, depending on the breed.

17
Q

What is the dewclaw in the hind paw?

A

Digit I, when present, consisting of two phalanges.

18
Q

What is the overall function of the appendicular skeleton?

A

Provides support for the limbs, facilitates locomotion, and enables interaction with the environment.