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Unit 3 - France > Appellations and Legislation - Loire Valley > Flashcards

Appellations and Legislation - Loire Valley Flashcards

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French flashcards
1
Q

What are the four appellations of the Nantais (1 generic and 3 sub-regional)?

A
  • Muscadet AOP
  • Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP
  • Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP
  • Muscadet Cote de Grandilieu AOP
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2
Q

Chaptalisation is allowed to what level in Muscadet AOP?

A

12%

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3
Q

When must a sub-appellation be used for Muscadet?

A

When the Sur Lie method has been used in the production of the wine and it is on the label.

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4
Q

Give a brief description of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine 4 points.

A
  • Most important of the three sub-regions
  • Produces 3/4 of wine in Nantais
  • Named after the two rivers that flow through it
  • Makes the most wine of any Loire appellation
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5
Q

Within the generic appellation of Anjou AOP, Anjou Blanc must be made up of what grape varieties in what quantities?

A
  • Must be minimum 80% Chenin Blanc

- Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc also permitted

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6
Q

Within the generic appellation of Anjou AOP, Anjou Rouge must be made up of what grape varieties in what quantities?

A
  • 90% Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon

- Grolleau and Pinot d’Aunis

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7
Q

What is the grape specific generic AOP of Anjou?

A

Anjou Gamay AOP

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8
Q

What are the three rose appellations of Anjou? Rank them in terms of quality.

A
  • Cabernet d’Anjou AOP
  • Rose d’Anjou AOP
  • Rose d’Loire AOP
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9
Q

Describe Cabernet d’Anjou AOP.

A

The longest lasting of all the three Anjou AOP wines because of its high acidity, made from Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc, medium sweet.

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10
Q

Describe Rose d’Anjou AOP.

A

Medium sweet, made from Grolleau, Cabernet Franc and Gamay.

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11
Q

Describe Rose d’Loire AOP.

A

Can be produced outside of Anjou, wines are dry, made from a blend of black varieties and must be 30% Cabernet (Franc or Sauvignon)

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12
Q

Name two serious Anjou AOP’s for red wine.

A
  • Anjou-Villages AOP

- Anjou-Villages Brissac AOP

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13
Q

Where is Anjou-Villages Brissac? What is it considered to be?

A

South of Angers. It is considered to be the best Anjou appellation for red wine.

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14
Q

What is Anjou-Coteaux de la Loire?

A

An appellation for sweet wines made from Chenin Blanc.

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15
Q

What is Saumur Blanc AOP?

A

The generic appellation for white wine in Saumur. Must be made from 80% Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc are also permitted?

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16
Q

What is Saumur Rouge AOP?

A

The generic appellation for red wine in Saumur. Light, dry crisp wines made from Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot d’Aunis but increasingly from Cabernet Franc. Soils similar to Chinon and Bourgeuil

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17
Q

Where is Savennieres located?

A

West of Angers, on the Northern bank of the river Loire.

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18
Q

Name the two sub appellations of Savennieres? Which one is solely owned by which family?

A
  • Les-Roche-Aux-Moines

- Coulees-de-Serrant - Owned entirely by the Joly family

19
Q

What appellation is named after the town of Champigny? What style of wine does it make?

A

Saumur-Champigny AOP. Light, fruity red wines from Cabernet Franc, not age worthy.

20
Q

What are the two appellations of this well regarded sweet botrytised wine producing area of Anjou-Saumur? Where is it located?

A

Coteaux-du-Layon is located either side of the river Layon to the south of Angers.

  • Coteaux-du-Layon AOP
  • Coteaux-du- Layon + village name OR Villages
21
Q

What are the regulations for Coteaux-du-Layon AOP?

A
  • Must be 100% Chenin Blanc

- Must have minimum 11% actual alcohol

22
Q

Explain the appellation of Coteaux-du-Layon Villages OR + Village name. What regulations are there?

A

There are six villages, superior appellations really that can add their name to Coteaux-du-Layon, all of the fruit must come from that village. Or, they can use Coteaux-du-Layon Villages for a blend of different villages.

Must have:

  • Minimum potential alcohol of 13%
  • Minimum actual alcohol of 12%
23
Q

What are the two premier crus of Coteux-du-Layon and what minimum potential alcohols should they both meet?

A
  • Bonnezeaux AOP 13.5% potential alcohol

- Quarts de Chaume AOP 13% potential alcohol

24
Q

What are the permitted varieties for Touraine Blanc AOP? What is the one stipulation on blend?

A
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Chenin Blanc
  • Arbois
  • Chardonnay - Not more than 20%
25
Q

What is the other generic AOP for Touraine and what are its regulations?

A
  • Sauvignon de Touraine AOP

Wines must be based on Sauvignon Blanc, but up to 20% Sauvignon Gris is allowed. Varietal labelling is permitted but to qualify for that it must be 85% Sauvignon Blanc as per EU law.

26
Q

Describe the placement of Vouvray AOP.

A

Vouvray lies to the east of Tours on the northern bank of the Loire on south facing slopes which are protected to the north.

27
Q

What is special about the soil of Vouvray AOP?

A

It is a permeable limestone known in the region as Tuffeau. It allows good drainage, allows vines to develop large root structures and the high calcium content allows the grapes to retain high acid levels.

28
Q

Where is Montlouis-sur-Loire?

A

Opposite side of the Loire from Vouvray so doesn’t benefit from south facing slopes. Similar soils and climate although slightly sandier so makes lighter wines.

29
Q

What grape varieties are permitted for Touraine Rouge AOP?

A

Gamay, Cot (Malbec), Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot d’Aunis as minor varieties.

30
Q

Where is the AOP of Chinon?

A

In Touraine, south west from the town of Tours on the south bank of the the River Loire, either side of one of its tributaries the Vienne.

31
Q

Chinon AOP is produced from what grape variety? What is also technically allowed in what quantity?

A

Cabernet Franc, up to 25% Cabernet Sauvignon also permitted.

32
Q

What soil types exist within Chinon AOP and is their affect on wine style?

A
  • In the Vienne river valley soils are sandy terraces and subsequently produce lighter style wines.
  • On the slopes and plateau above the river valley the soil is limestone Tuffeau and creates relatively fuller bodied wines for Chinon, more ageworthy.
33
Q

Where is Bourgueil AOP?

A

In Touraine in the west of the region on the north bank of the Loire.

34
Q

What are the soils of Bourgueil and what other important geographical feature exists?

A
  • A plateau of sand, gravel and limestone

- It is protected to the north by forests

35
Q

What sub-appellation is contained within Bourgueil?

A

Saint-Nicholas de Bourgueil AOP

36
Q

What are then terms and their equivalents for Vouvray wines (residual sugar)?

A

Sec - Dry
Sec Tendre - Off dry
Demi Sec - Medium dry

37
Q

Where is Sancerre AOP? How many hectares and how many communes?

A

In the Central vineyards in the extreme east of the Loire. Situated on the west bank of the Loire covering 14 communes and 3000ha

38
Q

What is the altitude and soils of Sancerre AOP?

A
  • 200 to 400m

- Soils consist of free draining, chalky limestone, rich in marine fossils similar to Chablis

39
Q

What are the soils of Pouilly-Fume?

A

Similar to Sancerre (rich in marine fossils, free draining chalky limestone) but wit the presence of of flint in the soil known as Silex which gives Pouilly-Fume its distinctive smokiness.

40
Q

How does Pouilly-Fume differ from Sancerre? (3) Points.

A
  • Smaller, only 1300ha
  • Wines are longer lived, often up to six years of bottle age
  • Some experimentation with new oak fermentation and ageing which means it is less aggressively herbaceous than Sancerre.
41
Q

Describe Menetou-Salon AOP.

A

Essentially a western extension of Sancerre but flatter and with a much less favourable mesoclimate than Sancerre. Good site and a good producer in good years can produce excellent value wines that rival Sancerre and Pouilly-Fume.

42
Q

What are the only three Central Vineyards AOP’s that are permitted to make red wine from Pinot Noir?

A
  • Sancerre
  • Menetou-Salon
  • Reuilly
43
Q

Which three Central Vineyards AOP’s are permitted to make rose? What is unusual about one of them?

A
  • Sancerre
  • Mentou-Salon
  • Reuilly

All make rose from Pinot Noir, but Reuilly is permitted to make it from Pinot Gris also.

44
Q

What IGP covers the whole of the Loire area? What is usually produced?

A

Val de Loire IGP - Varietally labelled Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Gamay etc with some producers attempting to produce serious oak aged Chardonnay.

Unit 3 - France (13 decks)

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