Unit 3 - France > Appellations and Legislation - Bordeaux > Flashcards

Appellations and Legislation - Bordeaux Flashcards

(39 cards)

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1
Q

In regards to IGP’s explain where Bordeaux sits.

A

Nothing until 2004 when Vin de Pays de l’Atlantique was established which then became IGP l’Atlantique in 2006.

It brings together the departments of Gironde, Dordogne, Charente and Charente-Maritime.

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2
Q

What is the Bordeaux appellation hierarchy?

A
  • Generic
  • District - contains communes that may or may not have AOP status
  • Commune - AOP’s within larger district AOP’s (Pomerol AOP the exception)
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3
Q

What are the two generic appellations of Bordeaux and what differentiates them

A
  • Bordeaux AOP - Max yield 55hl/ha Alc 10-13%

- Bordeaux Supérieur - Max yield 50hl/ha Alc Min 10.5% Must be aged 12 months before release

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4
Q

What must dry white for Bordeaux Blanc AOP not exceed?

A

4g/l residual sugar

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5
Q

Cotes de Bordeaux AOP is what?

A

A new - 2008 - AOP grouping together older AOP’s for better identity - Blaye, Cotes de Castillon, Premier Cotes de Bordeaux and Cotes de Franc.

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6
Q

What are the two district appellations and six commune appellations (of one of those districts) North of the city of Bordeaux?

A
  • Medoc
  • Haut-Medoc

Communes of Haut-Medoc:

  • Saint-Estephe
  • Paulliac
  • Saint-Julien
  • Margaux
  • Listrac-Medoc
  • Moulis-Medoc
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7
Q

What are the three AOP’s for dry wine (all district) south of the city of Bordeaux?

A
  • Graves
  • Graves Supérieur
  • Pessac-Leognan
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8
Q

Five key points for Medoc AOP.

A
  • 15% of left bank production
  • Merlot predominates as Cab Sauv hard to ripen this far north
  • RdB 50hl/ha
  • Min pant density 5000 V/ha
  • 10%
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9
Q

Three key points for Haut-Medoc AOP.

A
  • Gravel terraces with clay at varying depths
  • RdB of 48hl/ha
  • Min plant density 6500 V/ha
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10
Q

For the six communes of Haut-Medoc the RdB, vine density and min alcohol before Chaptalisation are all the same, what are they?

A
  • 45hl/ha
  • 6500-10,000 V/ha
  • 10.5% abv
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11
Q

Saint-Estephe has five 1855 classified growths with two being second growths, what are they?

A
  • Ch. Montrose

- Cos d’Estournel

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12
Q

‘Croupes’ are what and where can they be found?

A

Undulating gravel ridges that provide excellent drainage, found in Pauillac.

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13
Q

Pauillac includes three of the 1855 classified first growths, what are they?

A
  • Ch. Lafite-Rothschild
  • Ch. Mouton-Rothschild
  • Ch. Latour
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14
Q

What are the two dominant varieties in Pauillac and what percentages are they planted at?

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon 60%

- Merlot 30%

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15
Q

The smallest of the six communes of Haut-Medoc, what is it and what are the two dominant varieties with there planting percentages.

A

Saint-Julien:

  • Cabernet Sauvignon 60%
  • Merlot 30%
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16
Q

This commune has the largest amount of classed growths and makes the most amount of wine, what is it, what are the two dominant varieties and what are their planting percentages?

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A

Margaux:

  • Cabernet Sauvignon 50%
  • Merlot 40%
17
Q

What types of wine are covered by the two Graves AOP’s?

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A
  • Graves AOP - red and white

- Graves Supérieur AOP - sweet wine

18
Q

What soil formation gives Graves its name? What is additionally found?

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A

The soils are made up of gravel terraces. Also found is ‘Hardpan’ which is an iron oxide cemented sand.

19
Q

What is the minimum alcohol and g/l of residual sugar for Graves Superieur AOP?

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A
  • Min actual 12% abv

- 18g/l residual sugar

20
Q

What are the potential alcohols for dry wines in Graves AOP?

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A
  • Red 10%

- White 11%

21
Q

What is RdB and vine density for dry and sweet wine in Graves?

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A
  • Vine density 5000 - 10,000 V/ha
  • RdB dry wines - 50hl/ha
  • RdB sweet wines - 40hl/ha
22
Q

What are the two dominant grape varieties in Graves and what are their planting percentages?

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A
  • Merlot - 50%

- Cabernet Sauvignon - 40%

23
Q

Pessac-Leognan contains the only classified growth outside of the Medoc peninsula, what is it?

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A

Ch. Haut-Brion

24
Q

What is RdB and minimum planting density for Pessac-Leognan? (Same as communes of Medoc peninsula)

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A
  • White RdB 48hl/ha
  • Red 45hl/ha
  • 6500 V/ha
25
What are the alcohol restrictions for Pessac-Leognan?
- Red - Max 13% abv | - White - Min 10% Max 13% abv
26
Sauvignon Blanc must make up what percentage of Graves Blanc?
25%
27
What are the five communes of Sauternes?
- Barsac AOP - Bomme - Fargues - Preignac - Sauternes
28
What are the key production percentages of Sauternes?
- 49% of Bordeaux's sweet wine | - 2% of Bordeaux's overall production
29
What are the planting percentages for all three white varieties in Sauternes?
- Semillon 80% - Sauvignon Blanc 15% - Muscadelle 5%
30
What are the alcohol and RdB regulations for Sauternes?
- 25hl/ha (rarely achieved, 12-20hl/ha is more of a reality. | - 13% Minimum abv
31
Summarise (6 points) Entre-Deux-Mers AOP.
- Between the Rivers Dordogne and Garonne - AOP is for dry white only - Clay and limestone soils - RdB of 65hl/ha - Vine density is low - Most wines are Sem / Sauv blends but increasingly varietal Sauv is being produced.
32
Name the five key right bank appellations.
- Fronsac - St-Emilion - St-Emilion Grand Cru - St-Emilion satellites - Pomerol - Lalande-de-Pomerol
33
What are the AOP's within the St-Emilion Satellites and how many hectares do they represent.
- Montagne - Puisseguin - Lussac - St. George
34
What percentage of plantings does Merlot make up in Fronsac AOP?
70%
35
What are the RdB's for the chief right bank appellations?
- Fronsac 47hl/ha - St-Emilion and Satellites 45hl/ha - Pomerol and Lalande-de-Pomerol 42hl/ha - St-Emilion Grand Cru 40hl/ha
36
What is the important soil type of Pomerol AOP and what Chateau has a stratum of it close to the surface?
Iron rich clay called 'Crasse de Fer' - Ch. Petrus.
37
What is Pomerol's (and Lalande-de-Pomerol) minimum vine density?
5500 V/ha
38
What is the minimum vine density of St-Emilion, it's satellites and Fronsac?
5000 V/ha
39
What are the ageing and alcohol requirements for St-Emillion Grand Cru?
- 11% to 13% abv after Chaptalisation | - 12 months ageing
Unit 3 - France
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