Apoptosis vs Necrosis

Question 1

What is apoptosis?

Answer 1

Programmed and controlled cell death.Contents protected and recycled.

Question 2

What is necrosis?

Answer 2

Necrosis is traumatic cell death where the contents of the cell spill out and stimulate an inflammatory response.

Question 3

Outline pathways that promotes (upregulates) apoptosis:

Answer 3

Intrinsic - P53 - BAX - CASPASEs

Extrinsic - CD8 Killer T FAS ligand - FAS receptor- CASPASES

Question 4

Outline pathway inhibiting (downregulating) apoptosis

Answer 4

Intrinsic - BCL2 - Inhibits CASPASES

Question 5

Describe the P53 gene

Answer 5

Is intrinsic to cell. Notices abnormal growth. Kicks in to stop abnormal growth. Causes repair or if damage too much apoptosis.

Question 6

Define NEOPLASIA

Answer 6

Cells live longer than supposed to therefore growth in tissue occurs

Question 7

Explain coagulative necrosis

Answer 7

Caused by ischemia - proteins denature and form a mass

Question 8

Explain liquifactive necrosis

Answer 8

Mainly found in brain due to lack of supporting tissues therefore necrotic material turns to liquid

Question 9

Describe CASEOUS necrosis

Answer 9

Associated with granulomas. Look like cheese. TB, diverticular disease etc

Question 10

Describe fibrinoid necrosis

Answer 10

Associated with vascular damage. Often autoimmune. Fibrin is targeted by immune system damaging blood vessel walls.

Question 11

Describe fatty necrosis

Answer 11

Associated with trauma to adipose tissue. Creates oily mass. Often breast cancer patients, or acute pancreatitis.

Question 12

Describe gangrenous necrosis

Answer 12

Associated with reduced blood flow to peripheral areas of body - toes etc. Associated with diabetes, frostbite.