Apologies, Criteria, History Flashcards
1
Q
What are 3 parts to an apology?
A
1- Express Remorse
2- Take ownership and acknowledge impact
3- Make the restitution
2
Q
Definition of Apology
A
“ A regretful acknowledgment of an offense failure”
3
Q
Key principles to developing an indiginous approach
A
1- The recognition of a distinct world view.
2- The development for g consciousness regarding the destructive impact of colonialism on Indiginous peoples
3- An emphasis on the importance to of cultural knowledge and traditions
4-bathe application of the concept of indigenous empowerment
4
Q
Who are indigenous peoples?
A
- Collectively known as First Nation, Inuit, Metis.
- Origins of terms
- Indian- thought to from the exploders who thought they had reached India while searching for the east passage.
- Now associated with group of people registered in the Indian Act.
- Use of the term “native” means of “out-side naming” those who are descendants of what is now called Canada.
- Own names respective to language I.e. Anishinabe, Innu,cha-nuth, Metis.
5
Q
INUIT
A
- Inuit are aboriginal people currently use, occupy the lands waters ranging Yukon and Northwest Territories to northern Quebec(Nunavik) Labrador (nunatsiavut).
- April 1, 1999 creation of Nunavut- agreement that the Inuit best able to define who is Inuk ( member of the Inuit peoples according to their own understanding of themselves.
6
Q
MÉTIS
A
- Traced back to Red River early 1800’s
- Mainly in the prairies and the north
- Former a language and culture uniquely blended on Indian and Europe culture
7
Q
The Indian Act
A
- 1876 define who would be considered Indian to exert government authority over aboriginal peoples.
- ‘ Indian ‘ still used in legal context defines as a status or non status Indian.
- Status Indians are persons of Aboriginal ancestry who are registered as Indians according to status of Indian Act.
- Non status Indians are not or lost the rights to register as Indians as defined by the Act but identify with the Indian community culturally and/or l’inquisitorial l’y.
8
Q
Colonization of Indigenous People
A
- The Indian Act.
- Assimilation policies, could only acquire full Canadian citizenship by relinquishing their ties to their communities giving up their culture and traditions and any rights to the land.
- Assimilation one culture into another- Indian Act was thought to only b a temporary measure.
- 1960 federal government granted First Nations the right to vote in Federal elections.
- Was a big moment as it was not conditional upon their assimilation into mainstream society.
- Remained supposed to self government.
9
Q
Land treaties
A
- Surrender land to Canadian government.
- Major treaties 1887-1906 (ten of them)
- Treaty 11 in far North.
- Allowed vast territories in the west to be settled and the Canadian Pacific Railway to constructed.
- No treaties were signed between First Nations of Quebec, the maritimes and most of British Columbia.
- Half population of Registered Indians did not sign treaty land.
10
Q
Reserve System
A
- Land ceded, Canadian settlements established.
- Aboriginal were given small parcels of land largely devoid of economic potential.
- Land held “in trust” by government so land unable to be used as collateral to develop business.
11
Q
Indian Act- Reflective Comparison
A
- Department of Indian affairs is main vehicle to regulate Aboriginal movements and ways of living.
- Now called Indigenous and Northern affairs whose mandate to support Aboriginal communities to become healthy, safe, and economically self- sufficient.
12
Q
The Sixties Scoop
A
- 1951 amendment to Indian Act provincial law applied to child welfare which applied to reserves.
- Apprehensive on and placement of children on reserves in non indigenous foster homes.
- 1960’s massive number of children were removed from their communities both to foster and be adopted.
- 1970’s-1980’s one in seven Status Indian children or one in four status Indian children was spending at least some time way from parental home.
(Armitage 1993,147)
